वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-27, verse-18

अथ मामेवमव्यग्रां वनं नैव नयिष्यसि ।
विषमद्यैव पास्यामि मा विशं द्विषतां वशम् ॥१८॥

18. atha māmevamavyagrāṃ vanaṃ naiva nayiṣyasi ,
viṣamadyaiva pāsyāmi mā viśaṃ dviṣatāṃ vaśam.

18. atha mām evam avyagrām vanam na eva nayiṣyasi
viṣam adya eva pāsyāmi mā viśam dviṣatām vaśam

18. atha evam avyagrām mām vanam na eva nayiṣyasi
adya eva viṣam pāsyāmi dviṣatām vaśam mā viśam

18. Now, if you will not take me, who am so unwavering, to the forest, I will drink poison today itself. Let me not fall into the power of enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, so, therefore

• माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• अव्यग्राम् (avyagrām) - unwavering, undisturbed, calm (feminine)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• नयिष्यसि (nayiṣyasi) - you will lead, you will take

• विषम् (viṣam) - poison

• अद्य (adya) - today

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• पास्यामि (pāsyāmi) - I will drink

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• विशम् (viśam) - I may enter, let me enter

• द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of enemies, of those who hate

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, so, therefore

(indeclinable)

Note: Often marks the beginning of a new topic or clause.

माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Accusative singular of 'asmad' (I).

Note: Object of 'nayiṣyasi'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the adjective 'avyagrām'.

अव्यग्राम् (avyagrām) - unwavering, undisturbed, calm (feminine)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avyagra

avyagra - not disturbed, tranquil, composed, unwavering

Feminine singular accusative. Formed from 'a' (not) + 'vi' (prefix) + 'agra' (foremost, eager, agitated).

Note: Modifies 'mām'.

वनम् (vanam) - forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Neuter singular accusative.

Note: Directional accusative, 'to the forest'.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle. 'na eva' means 'certainly not'.

नयिष्यसि (nayiṣyasi) - you will lead, you will take

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of nī

Future Tense

2nd person singular, future active.

Root: nī (class 1)

विषम् (viṣam) - poison

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣa

viṣa - poison, venom

Neuter singular accusative.

Note: Object of 'pāsyāmi'.

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

पास्यामि (pāsyāmi) - I will drink

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pā

Future Tense

1st person singular, future active.

Root: pā (class 1)

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

Used with the aorist (luṅ) or subjunctive to express prohibition.

विशम् (viśam) - I may enter, let me enter

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of viś

Aorist Subjunctive/Injunctive

1st person singular, aorist subjunctive or injunctive, with 'mā' for prohibition ('let me not enter').

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: mā + aorist = prohibition

द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of enemies, of those who hate

(noun)

Genitive, plural of dviṣat

dviṣat - hating, hostile; enemy

Present Active Participle (acting as a noun)

From root 'dviṣ' (to hate). Plural genitive.

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural, describing possession of 'vaśam'.

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - control, power, will, dominion

Masculine singular accusative.

Root: vaś

Note: Object of 'viśam'.