वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-27, verse-29

एष धर्मस्तु सुश्रोणि पितुर्मातुश्च वश्यता ।
अतश्चाज्ञां व्यतिक्रम्य नाहं जीवितुमुत्सहे ॥२९॥

29. eṣa dharmastu suśroṇi piturmātuśca vaśyatā ,
ataścājñāṃ vyatikramya nāhaṃ jīvitumutsahe.

29. eṣaḥ dharmaḥ tu suśroṇi pituḥ mātuḥ ca vaśyatā
ataḥ ca ājñām vyatikramya na aham jīvitum utsahe

29. suśroṇi eṣaḥ dharmaḥ tu pituḥ mātuḥ ca vaśyatā
ataḥ ca ājñām व्यतिक्रम्य aham jīvitum na utsahe

29. Indeed, this natural law (dharma), O beautiful-hipped one, is obedience (vaśyatā) to one's father and mother. Therefore, I do not dare to live after transgressing their command.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (natural law, duty, righteousness)

• तु (tu) - indeed (indeed, but, however)

• सुश्रोणि (suśroṇi) - O beautiful-hipped one

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of father

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of mother

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वश्यता (vaśyatā) - obedience (obedience, submissiveness, dependence)

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, from this)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आज्ञाम् (ājñām) - command (command, order, permission)

• व्यतिक्रम्य (vyatikramya) - having transgressed (having transgressed, having violated, having gone beyond)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live (to live, to exist)

• उत्सहे (utsahe) - I do not dare (to live) (I am able, I dare, I wish)

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'dharmaḥ'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (indeed, but, however)

(indeclinable)

सुश्रोणि (suśroṇi) - O beautiful-hipped one

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of suśroṇī

suśroṇī - beautiful-hipped (woman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+śroṇī)

• su – good, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• śroṇī – hips, loins
  noun (feminine)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Governs 'vaśyatā'.

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of mother

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Governs 'vaśyatā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वश्यता (vaśyatā) - obedience (obedience, submissiveness, dependence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaśyatā

vaśyatā - obedience, submissiveness, dependence

Derived from vaśya (obedient) with suffix -tā.

Note: Predicate nominative.

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore (therefore, from this)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आज्ञाम् (ājñām) - command (command, order, permission)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ājñā

ājñā - command, order, permission, authority

Derived from root jñā (class 9) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'vyatikramya'.

व्यतिक्रम्य (vyatikramya) - having transgressed (having transgressed, having violated, having gone beyond)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root kram (class 1) with prefixes vi- and ati-.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live (to live, to exist)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root jīv (class 1), meaning 'to live'.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Governed by 'utsah-'.

उत्सहे (utsahe) - I do not dare (to live) (I am able, I dare, I wish)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ut-sah

Root sah (class 1) with prefix ut-.

Prefix: ut

Root: sah (class 1)