वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-103, verse-4

स ते ऽहं पितुराचार्यस्तव चैव परंतप ।
मम त्वं वचनं कुर्वन्नातिवर्तेः सतां गतिम् ॥४॥

4. sa te'haṃ piturācāryastava caiva paraṃtapa ,
mama tvaṃ vacanaṃ kurvannātivarteḥ satāṃ gatim.

4. saḥ te aham pituḥ ācāryaḥ tava ca eva paraṃtapa
mama tvam vacanam kurvan na ativarteḥ satām gatim

4. paraṃtapa,
saḥ aham te pituḥ ca tava eva ācāryaḥ.
tvam mama vacanam kurvan satām gatim na ativarteḥ

4. O tormentor of foes, I am that preceptor, both of your father and of you. By following my instruction, you should not deviate from the path of the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to 'I') (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

• अहम् (aham) - I

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of your father (of the father, from the father)

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the preceptor (preceptor, teacher, instructor)

• तव (tava) - of you, your (your, of you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - as well (indeed, only, just)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies (epithet of Rama))

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• वचनम् (vacanam) - instruction (word, speech, instruction)

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - obeying, following (by doing) (doing, making, performing)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अतिवर्तेः (ativarteḥ) - you should deviate (you should transgress, you should deviate, you should exceed)

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous (of the good, of the virtuous, of the existing)

• गतिम् (gatim) - path, course (path, course, movement, destiny, state)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to 'I') (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, this

ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your (dative/genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Alternative form for genitive/dative singular of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Can be either dative or genitive; here it functions as a possessive pronoun 'your' referring to Rama.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

पितुः (pituḥ) - of your father (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, protector

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the preceptor (preceptor, teacher, instructor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, master, spiritual guide, instructor

From 'ā-' (prefix) + √car (to move, to practice).

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative to 'aham'.

तव (tava) - of you, your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - as well (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies (epithet of Rama))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies, one who causes pain to others

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  pronoun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, causing pain, heat
  noun (masculine)
  From root √tap (to heat, to torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Genitive singular of 'asmad'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

वचनम् (vacanam) - instruction (word, speech, instruction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, instruction, utterance

From root √vac (to speak) + suffix -ana.

Root: vac (class 2)

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - obeying, following (by doing) (doing, making, performing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing, acting

Present Active Participle

From root √kṛ (to do, to make) + suffix -śatṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अतिवर्तेः (ativarteḥ) - you should deviate (you should transgress, you should deviate, you should exceed)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of vṛt

Optative Mode, Second Person Singular, Middle Voice

From prefix 'ati-' + root √vṛt (to turn, to be). The optative expresses command or wish. In this context 'ativṛt' means to transgress or deviate.

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous (of the good, of the virtuous, of the existing)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, noble, truthful

Present Active Participle (masculine/neuter)

Genitive plural of 'sat', from root √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as a substantive here, 'of those who are good'.

गतिम् (gatim) - path, course (path, course, movement, destiny, state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, course, state, condition, destiny, goal

From root √gam (to go) + suffix -ti.

Root: gam (class 1)