वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-103, verse-12

एवमुक्तस्तु रामेण भरतः प्रत्यनन्तरम् ।
उवाच परमोदारः सूतं परमदुर्मनाः ॥१२॥

12. evamuktastu rāmeṇa bharataḥ pratyanantaram ,
uvāca paramodāraḥ sūtaṃ paramadurmanāḥ.

12. evam uktaḥ tu rāmeṇa bharataḥ prati anantaram
| uvāca paramodāraḥ sūtam paramadurmanāḥ

12. rāmeṇa evam uktaḥ tu paramodāraḥ paramadurmanāḥ
bharataḥ prati anantaram sūtam uvāca

12. Thus addressed by Rama, Bharata, who was exceedingly noble yet deeply distressed, immediately spoke to the charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Rama) (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (name of a king))

• प्रति (prati) - in return (combines with anantaram for 'immediately') (towards, to, in return)

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately (after) (immediately after, without interval)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

• परमोदारः (paramodāraḥ) - exceedingly noble (exceedingly noble, very generous)

• सूतम् (sūtam) - to the charioteer (charioteer)

• परमदुर्मनाः (paramadurmanāḥ) - deeply distressed (exceedingly distressed in mind, very dejected)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Rama) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root vac (to speak) with kta suffix (with vocalic change).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to Bharata, meaning 'he who was addressed'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the seventh avatar of Vishnu)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'uktaḥ'.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (brother of Rama)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रति (prati) - in return (combines with anantaram for 'immediately') (towards, to, in return)

(indeclinable)

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately (after) (immediately after, without interval)

(indeclinable)

Compound of an- (negation) and antara (interval).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (an+antara)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• antara – interior, interval, difference
  noun (neuter)

Note: Combines with 'prati' to form the adverbial phrase 'immediately in return'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

परमोदारः (paramodāraḥ) - exceedingly noble (exceedingly noble, very generous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramodāra

paramodāra - exceedingly generous, very noble

Compound of parama (highest, supreme) and udāra (noble, generous).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+udāra)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective
• udāra – noble, generous, exalted
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Bharata.

सूतम् (sūtam) - to the charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

Derived from sū (to generate, to impel).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of the verb 'uvāca'.

परमदुर्मनाः (paramadurmanāḥ) - deeply distressed (exceedingly distressed in mind, very dejected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadurmanas

paramadurmanas - exceedingly distressed in mind, very dejected

Compound of parama (highest, supreme) and durmanas (dejected, sad-minded).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+durmanas)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective
• durmanas – dejected, sad-minded, ill-disposed
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound of dur (bad, difficult) and manas (mind).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Bharata.