वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-103, verse-15

स तु राममवेक्षन्तं सुमन्त्रं प्रेक्ष्य दुर्मनाः ।
कुशोत्तरमुपस्थाप्य भूमावेवास्तरत् स्वयम् ॥१५॥

15. sa tu rāmamavekṣantaṃ sumantraṃ prekṣya durmanāḥ ,
kuśottaramupasthāpya bhūmāvevāstarat svayam.

15. saḥ tu rāmam avekṣantam sumantram prekṣya durmanāḥ
kuśottaram upasthāpya bhūmau eva āstarat svayam

15. saḥ tu durmanāḥ,
rāmam avekṣantam sumantram prekṣya,
kuśottaram upasthāpya,
bhūmau eva svayam āstarat

15. But Bharata, distressed in mind, upon seeing Sumantra who was gazing at Rama, himself arranged the kusha-grass covering and spread it on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Bharata (he)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (accusative)

• अवेक्षन्तम् (avekṣantam) - looking towards, observing, gazing at

• सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - Sumantra (accusative)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - distressed in mind, sad, dejected

• कुशोत्तरम् (kuśottaram) - kusha-grass covering/layer

• उपस्थाप्य (upasthāpya) - having caused to be placed, having arranged, having set up

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

• आस्तरत् (āstarat) - he spread, he laid down

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally, by himself

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Bharata (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, hero of the Ramayana), pleasing, charming

अवेक्षन्तम् (avekṣantam) - looking towards, observing, gazing at

(verbal derivative)

सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - Sumantra (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (name of Dasharatha's chief minister and charioteer), good counsel

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(verbal derivative)

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - distressed in mind, sad, dejected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - sad, dejected, distressed in mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+manas)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, spirit, intellect
  noun (neuter)

कुशोत्तरम् (kuśottaram) - kusha-grass covering/layer

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśottara

kuśottara - a covering of kusha grass, an upper layer of kusha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuśa+uttara)

• kuśa – kusha grass, sacred grass
  noun (masculine)
• uttara – upper, later, northern, superior
  adjective

उपस्थाप्य (upasthāpya) - having caused to be placed, having arranged, having set up

(verbal derivative)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

आस्तरत् (āstarat) - he spread, he laid down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ā-stṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: stṛ (class 5)

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally, by himself

(indeclinable)