वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-64, verse-20

एष राम मुनिश्रेष्ठ एष विग्रहवांस्तपः ।
एष धर्मः परो नित्यं वीर्यस्यैष परायणम् ॥२०॥

20. eṣa rāma muniśreṣṭha eṣa vigrahavāṃstapaḥ ,
eṣa dharmaḥ paro nityaṃ vīryasyaiṣa parāyaṇam.

20. eṣaḥ rāma muniśreṣṭhaḥ eṣaḥ vigrahavān tapaḥ |
eṣaḥ dharmaḥ paraḥ nityam vīryasya eṣaḥ parāyaṇam

20. Rāma,
eṣaḥ muniśreṣṭhaḥ.
eṣaḥ tapaḥ vigrahavān.
eṣaḥ nityam paraḥ dharmaḥ.
eṣaḥ vīryasya parāyaṇam.

20. O Rāma, this one is the foremost among sages. This one is asceticism (tapas) personified. This one is the supreme and eternal natural law (dharma). This one is also the ultimate foundation of valor.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• मुनिश्रेष्ठः (muniśreṣṭhaḥ) - foremost among sages, best of ascetics

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• विग्रहवान् (vigrahavān) - embodied, personified, possessing a form

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance, asceticism (tapas)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, righteousness, duty (dharma)

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest, excellent

• नित्यम् (nityam) - eternally, perpetually, constantly

• वीर्यस्य (vīryasya) - of valor, of strength, of heroism

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - supreme resort, ultimate refuge, chief object

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of multiple clauses.

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a legendary prince)

मुनिश्रेष्ठः (muniśreṣṭhaḥ) - foremost among sages, best of ascetics

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muniśreṣṭha

muniśreṣṭha - chief of sages, best ascetic

Compound of muni (sage) and śreṣṭha (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+śreṣṭha)

• muni – sage, ascetic, hermit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'praśasya' (praise-worthy).

Note: Predicate nominative for 'eṣaḥ'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause.

विग्रहवान् (vigrahavān) - embodied, personified, possessing a form

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vigrahavant

vigrahavant - possessing a body, embodied, personified

Possessive adjective formed with suffix '-vat'. From 'vigraha' (body/form).

Note: Predicate adjective, agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance, asceticism (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, asceticism, austerity, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'eṣaḥ'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, righteousness, duty (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'eṣaḥ'.

परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

Note: Qualifies 'dharmaḥ'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - eternally, perpetually, constantly

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial usage.

वीर्यस्य (vīryasya) - of valor, of strength, of heroism

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, strength, energy, heroism

From root vīr (to be strong).

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Possessive, connected to 'parāyaṇam'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause.

परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - supreme resort, ultimate refuge, chief object

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāyaṇam

parāyaṇam - chief object, ultimate aim, supreme resort, final refuge

Compound of 'para' (supreme) and 'ayaṇa' (going, course, refuge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+ayaṇa)

• para – supreme, highest, ultimate, other
  adjective (neuter)
• ayaṇa – going, course, path, resort, refuge
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'i' (to go).
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'eṣaḥ'.