वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-23, verse-30

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं यथैतद्दरुणं वनम् ।
यक्ष्या चोत्सादितं सर्वमद्यापि न निवर्तते ॥३०॥

30. etatte sarvamākhyātaṃ yathaitaddaruṇaṃ vanam ,
yakṣyā cotsāditaṃ sarvamadyāpi na nivartate.

30. etat te sarvam ākhyātam yathā etat daruṇam vanam
yakṣyā ca utsāditam sarvam adya api na nivartate

30. etat sarvam te ākhyātam,
yathā etat daruṇam vanam yakṣyā ca sarvam utsāditam,
adya api na nivartate.

30. All this has been recounted to you: how this dreadful forest and everything within it was entirely laid waste by the female Yakṣa, and even now, she does not cease her destructive activities.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - told, recounted, explained

• यथा (yathā) - as, how, just as

• एतत् (etat) - this

• दरुणम् (daruṇam) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• यक्ष्या (yakṣyā) - by Tāṭakā, the female Yakṣa (by the female Yakṣa)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उत्सादितम् (utsāditam) - destroyed, annihilated, laid waste

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अपि (api) - even, also

• न (na) - not

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - the female Yakṣa (Tāṭakā) does not cease her destructive activities (desists, ceases, does not return)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Refers to the entire story or situation being explained.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural, respectful)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies 'this matter' (implied) or stands for 'everything'.

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - told, recounted, explained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, recounted, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root khyā with prefix ā, suffix kta

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, 'has been told'.

यथा (yathā) - as, how, just as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a clause explaining 'how'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Refers to the forest.

दरुणम् (daruṇam) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daruṇa

daruṇa - terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel, harsh

Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Subject of the clause 'how this terrible forest was destroyed'.

यक्ष्या (yakṣyā) - by Tāṭakā, the female Yakṣa (by the female Yakṣa)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yakṣī

yakṣī - female Yakṣa (a class of nature-spirits, often powerful and sometimes malevolent)

Note: Agent of the action 'utsāditam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'forest' to 'all' or emphasizes the completeness of destruction.

उत्सादितम् (utsāditam) - destroyed, annihilated, laid waste

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utsādita

utsādita - destroyed, annihilated, rooted out, removed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root sad (to sit, settle) with prefixes ut and ā, in causative (ṇic) with suffix kta (past participle)

Prefixes: ut+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, 'was destroyed'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Refers to 'everything' within the forest, emphasizing totality.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'adya' to form 'adyāpi' (even now, still).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'nivartate'.

निवर्तते (nivartate) - the female Yakṣa (Tāṭakā) does not cease her destructive activities (desists, ceases, does not return)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of nivṛt

Present indicative, middle voice

Root vṛt with prefix ni, ātmanepada

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is the female Yakṣa or the state of destruction.