वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-23, verse-1

ततः प्रभाते विमले कृताह्निकमरिंदमौ ।
विश्वामित्रं पुरस्कृत्य नद्यास्तीरमुपागतौ ॥१॥

1. tataḥ prabhāte vimale kṛtāhnikamariṃdamau ,
viśvāmitraṃ puraskṛtya nadyāstīramupāgatau.

1. tataḥ prabhāte vimale kṛtāhnikam ariṃdamau
viśvāmitram puraskṛtya nadyāḥ tīram upāgatau

1. Thereafter, in the clear morning, the two subdueers of enemies, having performed their daily rites and with Viśvāmitra leading them, approached the river bank.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

• प्रभाते (prabhāte) - in the morning, at dawn

• विमले (vimale) - in the clear, in the pure, spotless

• कृताह्निकम् (kṛtāhnikam) - having performed daily rites

• अरिंदमौ (ariṁdamau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two subdueers of enemies)

• विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Viśvāmitra (a sage)

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having made chief, having honored, accompanied by

• नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river

• तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore, edge

• उपागतौ (upāgatau) - they two approached, they two went near

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

(indeclinable)

प्रभाते (prabhāte) - in the morning, at dawn

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - morning, dawn

विमले (vimale) - in the clear, in the pure, spotless

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vimala

vimala - clear, pure, spotless, unsullied

कृताह्निकम् (kṛtāhnikam) - having performed daily rites

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kṛtāhnika

kṛtāhnika - one who has performed daily rites

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+āhnika)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `kṛ` (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• āhnika – daily, relating to the day, daily rite
  noun (neuter)

अरिंदमौ (ariṁdamau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two subdueers of enemies)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, subduer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dam (class 1)

विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - Viśvāmitra (a sage)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - name of a great sage, friend of all

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having made chief, having honored, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `kṛ` (to do, make) with prefix `puras` (in front).

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore, edge

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - bank, shore, edge, coast

उपागतौ (upāgatau) - they two approached, they two went near

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of upāgata

upāgata - approached, gone near, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root `gam` (to go) with prefixes `upa` (near) and `ā` (towards). Used as a predicate adjective, agreeing with the dual subject in active sense for motion verbs.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)