वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-23, verse-20

निर्मलो निष्करूषश्च शुचिरिन्द्रो यदाभवत् ।
ददौ देशस्य सुप्रीतो वरं प्रभुरनुत्तमम् ॥२०॥

20. nirmalo niṣkarūṣaśca śucirindro yadābhavat ,
dadau deśasya suprīto varaṃ prabhuranuttamam.

20. nirmalaḥ niṣkarūṣaḥ ca śuciḥ indraḥ yadā abhavat
dadau deśasya suprītaḥ varam prabhuḥ anuttamam

20. yadā indraḥ nirmalaḥ niṣkarūṣaḥ ca śuciḥ abhavat,
(tadā) prabhuḥ suprītaḥ (san) deśasya anuttamam varam dadau

20. When Indra became free from impurity (nirmala), free from the *kāruṣa* stain (niṣkarūṣa), and clean (śuci), the Lord, being very pleased, gave an unequalled boon to the region.

Words meanings summery:

• निर्मलः (nirmalaḥ) - free from impurity (pure, spotless, free from dirt)

• निष्करूषः (niṣkarūṣaḥ) - free from the Karuṣa stain, spotless

• च (ca) - and

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, bright

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he/it became, was

• ददौ (dadau) - he gave

• देशस्य (deśasya) - to the region (of the country, to the country)

• सुप्रीतः (suprītaḥ) - very pleased, highly delighted

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, best thing

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (Indra as) the Lord (lord, master, mighty one)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unequalled, supreme, excellent

Words meanings and morphology

निर्मलः (nirmalaḥ) - free from impurity (pure, spotless, free from dirt)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirmala

nirmala - pure, spotless, free from dirt, clean

Compound of 'nis' (without) and 'mala' (impurity)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+mala)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'indraḥ'.

निष्करूषः (niṣkarūṣaḥ) - free from the Karuṣa stain, spotless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣkarūṣa

niṣkarūṣa - free from Karuṣa, spotless

Compound of 'nis' (without) and 'karūṣa' (a type of stain/impurity)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+karūṣa)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• karūṣa – a type of stain, impurity; also refers to a country or its people
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'indraḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, bright

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, white

Note: Qualifies 'indraḥ'.

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of gods)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal conjunction.

अभवत् (abhavat) - he/it became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

Root 'bhū' (to be) in 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ददौ (dadau) - he gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of dā

Perfect

Root 'dā' (to give) in 3rd person singular perfect active.

Root: dā (class 3)

देशस्य (deśasya) - to the region (of the country, to the country)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - country, region, place

Note: Genitive used in the sense of dative, 'to the country'.

सुप्रीतः (suprītaḥ) - very pleased, highly delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suprīta

suprīta - very pleased, highly delighted

Compound of 'su' (good, well) and 'prīta' (pleased)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+prīta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• prīta – pleased, delighted
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'prī' (to please)
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'prabhuḥ'.

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, best thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, desire, best

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - (Indra as) the Lord (lord, master, mighty one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful, mighty

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Indra.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unequalled, supreme, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unequalled, supreme, excellent, best

Compound of 'an' (not) and 'uttama' (best)

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (an+uttama)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• uttama – highest, best, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' or 'ut'

Note: Qualifies 'varam'.