वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-23, verse-11

स वनं घोरसंकाशं दृष्ट्वा नृपवरात्मजः ।
अविप्रहतमैक्ष्वाकः पप्रच्छ मुनिपुंगवम् ॥११॥

11. sa vanaṃ ghorasaṃkāśaṃ dṛṣṭvā nṛpavarātmajaḥ ,
aviprahatamaikṣvākaḥ papraccha munipuṃgavam.

11. saḥ vanam ghorasaṃkāśam dṛṣṭvā nṛpavarātmajaḥ
aviprahatam aikṣvākaḥ papraccha munipuṅgavam

11. saḥ nṛpavarātmajaḥ aviprahatam aikṣvākaḥ
ghorasaṃkāśam vanam dṛṣṭvā munipuṅgavam papraccha

11. Having seen that dreadful-looking forest, the son of the best of kings, the unhindered Ikṣvāku prince, asked the chief among sages.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāma) (he)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

• घोरसंकाशम् (ghorasaṁkāśam) - dreadful-looking (dreadful-looking, terrible in appearance)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• नृपवरात्मजः (nṛpavarātmajaḥ) - son of King Daśaratha (Rāma) (son of the best of kings)

• अविप्रहतम् (aviprahatam) - unhindered (unimpeded, unhindered, unopposed, unvanquished)

• ऐक्ष्वाकः (aikṣvākaḥ) - the Ikṣvāku prince (Rāma) (scion of Ikṣvāku, descendant of Ikṣvāku)

• पप्रछ (papracha) - he asked

• मुनिपुङ्गवम् (munipuṅgavam) - the chief among sages (Viśvāmitra) (chief of sages, best among sages)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāma) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Rāma.

वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

घोरसंकाशम् (ghorasaṁkāśam) - dreadful-looking (dreadful-looking, terrible in appearance)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghorasaṃkāśa

ghorasaṁkāśa - dreadful-looking, terrible in appearance

Compound of 'ghora' (dreadful) and 'saṃkāśa' (appearance)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ghora+saṃkāśa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – appearance, semblance, resembling
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from sam-kāś (to appear)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Adjective for `vanam`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Forms an absolutive (gerund) indicating a prior action.

नृपवरात्मजः (nṛpavarātmajaḥ) - son of King Daśaratha (Rāma) (son of the best of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpavarātmaja

nṛpavarātmaja - son of the best of kings

Compound of 'nṛpavarā' (best of kings) and 'ātmaja' (son)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpavara+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, boon
  adjective (masculine)
• ātmaja – self-born, son
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'ātman' (self) and 'ja' (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Rāma.

अविप्रहतम् (aviprahatam) - unhindered (unimpeded, unhindered, unopposed, unvanquished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aviprahata

aviprahata - unimpeded, unhindered, unopposed, unvanquished

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a' + vi-pra-han (to strike, repel)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+viprahata)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• viprahata – beaten back, repelled, opposed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  vi-pra-han + kta
  Prefixes: vi+pra
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Adjective for `aikṣvākaḥ`.

ऐक्ष्वाकः (aikṣvākaḥ) - the Ikṣvāku prince (Rāma) (scion of Ikṣvāku, descendant of Ikṣvāku)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ikṣvāku

ikṣvāku - name of a mythical king, progenitor of a solar dynasty

Apatyartha 'an' suffix added to Ikṣvāku to denote a descendant

Note: Refers to Rāma.

पप्रछ (papracha) - he asked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of prach

Perfect (Lit) 3rd Singular Active

Perfect tense form of root prach

Root: prach (class 6)

मुनिपुङ्गवम् (munipuṅgavam) - the chief among sages (Viśvāmitra) (chief of sages, best among sages)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - chief of sages, best among sages

Compound of 'muni' (sage) and 'puṅgava' (bull, best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull (as best of its kind), chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `papracha`.