वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-23, verse-15

तमुवाच महातेजा विश्वामित्रो महामुनिः ।
श्रूयतां वत्स काकुत्स्थ यस्यैतद्दारुणं वनम् ॥१५॥

15. tamuvāca mahātejā viśvāmitro mahāmuniḥ ,
śrūyatāṃ vatsa kākutstha yasyaitaddāruṇaṃ vanam.

15. tam uvāca mahātejāḥ viśvāmitraḥ mahāmuniḥ
śrūyatām vatsa kākutstha yasya etat dāruṇam vanam

15. mahātejāḥ mahāmuniḥ viśvāmitraḥ tam uvāca vatsa
kākutstha yasya etat dāruṇam vanam śrūyatām

15. The great sage (mahāmuni) Viśvāmitra, full of great splendor, said to him: 'Listen, dear son, O Kakutstha, to whom this dreadful forest belongs.'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor, very radiant

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

• महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - great sage

• श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let it be heard, listen!

• वत्स (vatsa) - dear son, child

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - An epithet for Rama (O descendant of Kakutstha)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• एतत् (etat) - this

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, dreadful

• वनम् (vanam) - forest

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor, very radiant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great splendor, one having great splendor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Viśvāmitraḥ'

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of a famous sage)

महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - great sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'Viśvāmitraḥ'

श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let it be heard, listen!

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, Imperative (Loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

वत्स (vatsa) - dear son, child

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa

vatsa - calf, child, darling, dear one

Note: Refers to Rama

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - An epithet for Rama (O descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (a king of the Ikshvaku dynasty)

Note: Refers to Rama

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the owner of the forest (Tāṭakā, in subsequent verses)

एतत् (etat) - this

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'vanam'

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, harsh, severe

Note: Agrees with 'vanam'

वनम् (vanam) - forest

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket