मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-47, verse-17
बहिरन्तश्चाप्रकाशः संवृतात्मा नगात्मकः ।
मुख्या नगा यतश्चोक्ता मुख्यसर्गस्ततस्त्वयम् ॥१७॥
मुख्या नगा यतश्चोक्ता मुख्यसर्गस्ततस्त्वयम् ॥१७॥
17. bahirantaścāprakāśaḥ saṃvṛtātmā nagātmakaḥ .
mukhyā nagā yataścoktā mukhyasargastatastvayam.
mukhyā nagā yataścoktā mukhyasargastatastvayam.
17.
bahiḥ antaḥ ca aprakāśaḥ saṃvṛtātmā nagātmakaḥ |
mukhyā nagā yataḥ ca uktā mukhyasargaḥ tataḥ tu ayam
mukhyā nagā yataḥ ca uktā mukhyasargaḥ tataḥ tu ayam
17.
This creation is unilluminated both externally and internally, with an obscured (ātman) nature, and consists of immobile beings (naga). Since these immobile beings (naga) are designated as "primary", therefore this is truly the primary creation (mukhyasarga).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- बहिः (bahiḥ) - externally, on the outside (outside, externally)
- अन्तः (antaḥ) - internally, within (inside, internally)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अप्रकाशः (aprakāśaḥ) - lacking light or understanding, hence, unconscious (unilluminated, dark, obscure)
- संवृतात्मा (saṁvṛtātmā) - referring to beings whose individual (ātman) awareness is obscured (having a covered self, with an enveloped nature, obscured (ātman))
- नगात्मकः (nagātmakaḥ) - referring to the immobile creation (naga), such as plants and mountains (consisting of mountains/trees, tree-like in nature, having the nature of immobile things)
- मुख्या (mukhyā) - here, referring to the "primary" class of creation (primary, principal, chief)
- नगा (nagā) - refers to the class of immobile beings (naga) (plants, etc.), here used as a collective feminine noun (mountains, trees, immobile beings)
- यतः (yataḥ) - because, indicating reason (from which, since, because)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- उक्ता (uktā) - are designated, referred to as (said, declared, spoken)
- मुख्यसर्गः (mukhyasargaḥ) - The category of creation comprising immobile beings (mukhyasarga) (plants, etc.) (primary creation)
- ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, indicating a conclusion (thence, therefore, then)
- तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing or confirming (but, indeed, however)
- अयम् (ayam) - this (creation), referring to the immediate topic (this, he)
Words meanings and morphology
बहिः (bahiḥ) - externally, on the outside (outside, externally)
(indeclinable)
अन्तः (antaḥ) - internally, within (inside, internally)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects `bahiḥ` and `antaḥ`.
अप्रकाशः (aprakāśaḥ) - lacking light or understanding, hence, unconscious (unilluminated, dark, obscure)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aprakāśa
aprakāśa - unilluminated, dark, obscure, not manifest
From `a` (negation) + `pra` (prefix) + root `kāś` (to shine) + `ghañ` suffix
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prakāśa)
- a – not, un-, in-
indeclinable - prakāśa – light, brightness, manifestation, clarity
noun (masculine)
From `pra` (prefix) + root `kāś` (to shine) + `ghañ` suffix
Prefix: pra
Root: kāś (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective.
संवृतात्मा (saṁvṛtātmā) - referring to beings whose individual (ātman) awareness is obscured (having a covered self, with an enveloped nature, obscured (ātman))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛtātman
saṁvṛtātman - having a covered self, with an enveloped nature, obscured (ātman)
From `saṃvṛta` (covered, obscured) + `ātman` (self)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃvṛta+ātman)
- saṃvṛta – covered, concealed, obscured, surrounded
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From `sam` (prefix) + root `vṛ` (to cover) + `kta` (PPP suffix)
Prefix: sam
Root: vṛ (class 5) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind (ātman)
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Predicate adjective.
नगात्मकः (nagātmakaḥ) - referring to the immobile creation (naga), such as plants and mountains (consisting of mountains/trees, tree-like in nature, having the nature of immobile things)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nagātmaka
nagātmaka - consisting of mountains/trees, having the nature of immobile things (naga)
From `naga` (mountain, tree, immobile) + `ātmaka` (having the nature of)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+ātmaka)
- naga – mountain, tree, immobile being (lit. 'that which does not move')
noun (masculine)
From `na` (not) + root `gam` (to go)
Prefix: na
Root: gam (class 1) - ātmaka – relating to the self, having the nature of, consisting of
adjective (masculine)
From `ātman` (self) + `ka` suffix
Note: Predicate adjective.
मुख्या (mukhyā) - here, referring to the "primary" class of creation (primary, principal, chief)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mukhya
mukhya - primary, principal, chief, foremost
From `mukha` (mouth, face, chief) + `ya` suffix
नगा (nagā) - refers to the class of immobile beings (naga) (plants, etc.), here used as a collective feminine noun (mountains, trees, immobile beings)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of naga
naga - mountain, tree, immobile being (lit. 'that which does not move')
From `na` (not) + root `gam` (to go)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ga)
- na – not, no
indeclinable - ga – going, moving
adjective (masculine)
agent noun
From root `gam` (to go) + `ḍa` suffix
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Subject of `uktā` (if taken as a collective noun).
यतः (yataḥ) - because, indicating reason (from which, since, because)
(indeclinable)
Ablative of `yad` (what, which) used adverbially
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
उक्ता (uktā) - are designated, referred to as (said, declared, spoken)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta
ukta - said, declared, spoken, mentioned
Past Passive Participle
From root `vac` (to speak) + `kta` (PPP suffix); `vac` becomes `uk`
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Predicate.
मुख्यसर्गः (mukhyasargaḥ) - The category of creation comprising immobile beings (mukhyasarga) (plants, etc.) (primary creation)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mukhyasarga
mukhyasarga - primary creation, chief creation (mukhyasarga)
From `mukhya` (primary) + `sarga` (creation)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mukhya+sarga)
- mukhya – primary, principal, chief
adjective (masculine)
From `mukha` (mouth, face, chief) + `ya` suffix - sarga – creation, emanation, discharge (sarga)
noun (masculine)
From root `sṛj` (to create, emit) + `ghañ` suffix
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Predicate noun.
ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, indicating a conclusion (thence, therefore, then)
(indeclinable)
Ablative of `tad` (that) used adverbially
तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing or confirming (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
अयम् (ayam) - this (creation), referring to the immediate topic (this, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.