मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-119, verse-28
बिभेति को न मरणात्को युद्धेन विनाऽमरः ।
विचिन्त्यैतन्न हातव्यं पौरुषं शस्त्रवृत्तिभिः ॥२८॥
विचिन्त्यैतन्न हातव्यं पौरुषं शस्त्रवृत्तिभिः ॥२८॥
28. bibheti ko na maraṇātko yuddhena vinā'maraḥ .
vicintyaitanna hātavyaṃ pauruṣaṃ śastravṛttibhiḥ.
vicintyaitanna hātavyaṃ pauruṣaṃ śastravṛttibhiḥ.
28.
bibheti kaḥ na maraṇāt kaḥ yuddhena vinā amaraḥ
vicintya etat na hātavyam pauruṣam śastravṛttibhiḥ
vicintya etat na hātavyam pauruṣam śastravṛttibhiḥ
28.
Who does not fear death? And who can be immortal without engaging in battle? Having considered this, those whose livelihood is by arms should not abandon their valor.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- बिभेति (bibheti) - fears, is afraid
- कः (kaḥ) - who, what
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- मरणात् (maraṇāt) - from death, from dying
- कः (kaḥ) - who, what
- युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by war, by battle, by fighting
- विना (vinā) - without, except for, apart from
- अमरः (amaraḥ) - immortal, undying
- विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having thought, having considered, having reflected
- एतत् (etat) - referring to the previous statements about death and immortality (this)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- हातव्यम् (hātavyam) - to be abandoned, to be given up, should be forsaken
- पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, manly effort in battle (manliness, valor, heroism, effort, human endeavor)
- शस्त्रवृत्तिभिः (śastravṛttibhiḥ) - by those who are professional warriors (by those living by arms, by warriors, by soldiers)
Words meanings and morphology
बिभेति (bibheti) - fears, is afraid
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhī
Present Active
3rd class verb (juhotyādi), reduplicated
Root: bhī (class 3)
कः (kaḥ) - who, what
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
मरणात् (maraṇāt) - from death, from dying
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of maraṇa
maraṇa - death, dying
Derived from root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
कः (kaḥ) - who, what
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by war, by battle, by fighting
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, war, fight
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
विना (vinā) - without, except for, apart from
(indeclinable)
अमरः (amaraḥ) - immortal, undying
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of amara
amara - immortal, undying, god
Negative prefix 'a' + 'mara' (from mṛ 'to die')
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mara)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - mara – mortal, dying
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having thought, having considered, having reflected
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
Root cint (to think) with prefix vi-, suffix -ya
Prefix: vi
Root: cint (class 10)
एतत् (etat) - referring to the previous statements about death and immortality (this)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
हातव्यम् (hātavyam) - to be abandoned, to be given up, should be forsaken
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of hātavya
hātavya - to be abandoned, to be given up
Gerundive
Root hā (to abandon) + suffix -tavya
Root: hā (class 3)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective
पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - valor, manly effort in battle (manliness, valor, heroism, effort, human endeavor)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa
pauruṣa - manliness, valor, heroism, effort
Derived from puruṣa
शस्त्रवृत्तिभिः (śastravṛttibhiḥ) - by those who are professional warriors (by those living by arms, by warriors, by soldiers)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śastravṛtti
śastravṛtti - livelihood by arms, military profession
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śastra+vṛtti)
- śastra – weapon, arm, tool
noun (neuter)
From root śas (to cut)
Root: śas - vṛtti – livelihood, profession, mode of life
noun (feminine)
From root vṛt (to be, to exist)
Root: vṛt (class 1)