मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-119, verse-21
परिभूयाखिलान्भूपान्स्वेच्छया न वृतस्तया ।
बलाज्जग्राह विप्रर्षे यथान्या बलगर्वितः ॥२१॥
बलाज्जग्राह विप्रर्षे यथान्या बलगर्वितः ॥२१॥
21. paribhūyākhilānbhūpānsvecchayā na vṛtastayā .
balājjagrāha viprarṣe yathānyā balagarvitaḥ.
balājjagrāha viprarṣe yathānyā balagarvitaḥ.
21.
paribhūya akhilān bhūpān sva-icchayā na vṛtaḥ tayā
| balāt ajagrāha viprarṣe yathā anyaḥ bala-garvitaḥ
| balāt ajagrāha viprarṣe yathā anyaḥ bala-garvitaḥ
21.
O revered Brahmin (viprarṣe), having defeated all the kings, and not chosen by her of her own free will, he, arrogant with strength, forcefully seized her, just as another powerful one might.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- परिभूय (paribhūya) - having overpowered, having defeated, having disrespected
- अखिलान् (akhilān) - all, entire, whole
- भूपान् (bhūpān) - kings, rulers of the earth
- स्व-इच्छया (sva-icchayā) - by her own will, by her own desire
- न (na) - not, no
- वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected
- तया (tayā) - by the daughter Vaiśālinī (by her)
- बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcefully
- अजग्राह (ajagrāha) - he seized, he took
- विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O revered Brahmin
- यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (man or powerful one) (another, other)
- बल-गर्वितः (bala-garvitaḥ) - proud of strength, arrogant with might
Words meanings and morphology
परिभूय (paribhūya) - having overpowered, having defeated, having disrespected
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from prefix pari + root bhū (to be, to become, to overpower) + suffix -ya
Prefix: pari
Root: bhū (class 1)
अखिलान् (akhilān) - all, entire, whole
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of akhila
akhila - all, entire, whole, complete
A- (not) + khila (gap, deficiency)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+khila)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - khila – space, gap, deficiency, barren
noun (neuter)
भूपान् (bhūpān) - kings, rulers of the earth
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhūpa
bhūpa - king, ruler of the earth
From bhū (earth) + pa (protector)
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+pa)
- bhū – earth, land
noun (feminine)
Root: bhū (class 1) - pa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
From root pā (to protect)
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Object of paribhūya.
स्व-इच्छया (sva-icchayā) - by her own will, by her own desire
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of sva-icchā
sva-icchā - one's own will, one's own desire
Compound of sva (own) + icchā (desire, will)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+icchā)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun - icchā – wish, desire, will
noun (feminine)
From root iṣ (to wish, desire)
Root: iṣ (class 4)
Note: Indicates the means or manner.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negation particle.
Note: Negates vṛtaḥ.
वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - chosen, selected
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta
vṛta - chosen, selected, appointed; surrounded, covered
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root vṛ (to choose, select, cover)
Root: vṛ (class 9)
Note: Describes the protagonist as not having been chosen.
तया (tayā) - by the daughter Vaiśālinī (by her)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Feminine instrumental singular of tad.
Note: Agent of the passive participle vṛtaḥ.
बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcefully
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of bala
bala - strength, power, force; army
ablative singular of bala (strength)
अजग्राह (ajagrāha) - he seized, he took
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of grah
Reduplicated Perfect (Lit)
Perfect 3rd singular of grah (to seize).
Root: grah (class 9)
विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O revered Brahmin
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of viprarṣi
viprarṣi - a Brahmin sage, a revered Brahmin
Compound of vipra (Brahmin) + ṛṣi (sage)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (vipra+ṛṣi)
- vipra – Brahmin, inspired, learned
noun (masculine) - ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
noun (masculine)
यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (man or powerful one) (another, other)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Masculine nominative singular.
Note: The Devanagari 'यथान्या' is interpreted as 'yathā anyaḥ' for grammatical and semantic consistency with 'balagarvitaḥ'.
बल-गर्वितः (bala-garvitaḥ) - proud of strength, arrogant with might
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bala-garvita
bala-garvita - proud of strength, arrogant with might
Past Passive Participle (garvita)
Compound of bala (strength) and garvita (proud, arrogant). garvita is from root garv (to be proud).
Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+garvita)
- bala – strength, power, might
noun (neuter) - garvita – proud, arrogant, haughty
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root garv (to be proud).
Root: garv (class 10)
Note: Agrees with the implicit subject sa (he).