मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-105, verse-8
सा च दृष्ट्वा तमायान्तं परपुंसो विशङ्कया ।
जगाम सम्मुखे तस्य पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा ॥८॥
जगाम सम्मुखे तस्य पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा ॥८॥
8. sā ca dṛṣṭvā tamāyāntaṃ parapuṃso viśaṅkayā .
jagāma sammukhe tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā.
jagāma sammukhe tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā.
8.
sā ca dṛṣṭvā tam āyāntam parapuṁsaḥ viśaṅkayā
jagāma sammukhe tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā
jagāma sammukhe tasya pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā
8.
And she, seeing him approach, was apprehensive that he might be another man. Therefore, intent on protecting her rear, she went to face him.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सा (sā) - she (the wife in mare form) (she, that (feminine))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)
- तम् (tam) - him (the Sun god in horse form) (him, that (masculine accusative))
- आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (coming, approaching)
- परपुंसः (parapuṁsaḥ) - (apprehension) of another man (of another man)
- विशङ्कया (viśaṅkayā) - with apprehension (by apprehension, with doubt, from fear)
- जगाम (jagāma) - went
- सम्मुखे (sammukhe) - in front of, facing (in front, facing)
- तस्य (tasya) - of him (the Sun god in horse form) (of him, his)
- पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा (pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā) - intent on protecting her rear (intent on protecting her back/rear)
Words meanings and morphology
सा (sā) - she (the wife in mare form) (she, that (feminine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to Saṁjñā, the wife of Sūrya.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form of √dṛś
Root: √dṛś (class 1)
Note: Expresses prior action.
तम् (tam) - him (the Sun god in horse form) (him, that (masculine accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā' and 'āyāntam'.
आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (coming, approaching)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of √ā-yam
√ā-yam - to come, approach
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of √ā-yam (masculine, singular, accusative)
Prefix: ā
Root: √yam (class 1)
परपुंसः (parapuṁsaḥ) - (apprehension) of another man (of another man)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of parapuṁs
parapuṁs - another man, stranger
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+puṁs)
- para – other, another, supreme
adjective (masculine) - puṁs – man, male
noun (masculine)
Note: Genitive of agency or associated with apprehension.
विशङ्कया (viśaṅkayā) - with apprehension (by apprehension, with doubt, from fear)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of viśaṅkā
viśaṅkā - apprehension, doubt, fear
From vi-√śaṅk
Prefix: vi
Root: √śaṅk (class 1)
Note: Reason for her action.
जगाम (jagāma) - went
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √gam
Perfect
Reduplicated perfect form of √gam (3rd person singular, active voice)
Root: √gam (class 1)
सम्मुखे (sammukhe) - in front of, facing (in front, facing)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of sammukha
sammukha - facing, in front, opposite
Note: Governs the genitive 'tasya'.
तस्य (tasya) - of him (the Sun god in horse form) (of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Possessive, referring to 'sammukhe'.
पृष्ठरक्षणतत्परा (pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā) - intent on protecting her rear (intent on protecting her back/rear)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā
pṛṣṭharakṣaṇatatparā - intent on protecting one's back
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+rakṣaṇa+tatpara)
- pṛṣṭha – back, rear, surface
noun (neuter) - rakṣaṇa – protection, guarding
noun (neuter)
From √rakṣ
Root: √rakṣ (class 1) - tatpara – intent on, devoted to, engaged in
adjective (masculine)
Note: Refers to the wife.