महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-54, verse-8

तस्यातिवेगस्य रणेऽतिवेगं नाशक्नुवन्धारयितुं त्वदीयाः ।
व्यात्ताननस्यापततो यथैव कालस्य काले हरतः प्रजा वै ॥८॥

8. tasyātivegasya raṇe'tivegaṁ; nāśaknuvandhārayituṁ tvadīyāḥ ,
vyāttānanasyāpatato yathaiva; kālasya kāle harataḥ prajā vai.

8. tasya ativegasya raṇe ativegam
na aśaknuvan dhārayituṃ tvadīyāḥ
vyāttānanasya āpatataḥ yathā
eva kālasya kāle harataḥ prajā vai

8. tvadīyāḥ raṇe tasya ativegasya
ativegam dhārayituṃ na aśaknuvan
yathā eva prajāḥ kāle vyāttānanasya
āpatataḥ harataḥ kālasya vai

8. Your warriors were unable to withstand his extreme speed in battle, just as people (prajā) cannot bear the onslaught of Time (kāla) with its gaping mouth, sweeping away all beings at the hour of death.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

• अतिवेगस्य (ativegasya) - of great speed, of excessive speed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• अतिवेगम् (ativegam) - great speed, excessive speed

• न (na) - not, no

• अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - they were not able, they could not

• धारयितुं (dhārayituṁ) - to hold, to bear, to sustain, to endure

• त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your (Duryodhana's) warriors (your men, those belonging to you)

• व्यात्ताननस्य (vyāttānanasya) - of one with an open mouth, having a gaping mouth

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - of him rushing down, attacking, falling upon

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly, just

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of Time (kāla), of death

• काले (kāle) - at the hour of death (at the time, at the hour)

• हरतः (harataḥ) - of him carrying away, seizing, taking away

• प्रजा (prajā) - all living beings or people (beings, creatures, progeny, subjects)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अतिवेगस्य (ativegasya) - of great speed, of excessive speed

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ativega

ativega - great speed, excessive speed, impetuosity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+vega)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

अतिवेगम् (ativegam) - great speed, excessive speed

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ativega

ativega - great speed, excessive speed, impetuosity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+vega)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - they were not able, they could not

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: With negation 'a-'

धारयितुं (dhārayituṁ) - to hold, to bear, to sustain, to endure

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of the causative stem of root dhṛ (to hold)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your (Duryodhana's) warriors (your men, those belonging to you)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - belonging to you, your own, related to you

व्यात्ताननस्य (vyāttānanasya) - of one with an open mouth, having a gaping mouth

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vyāttānana

vyāttānana - having an open mouth, gaping-mouthed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyātta+ānana)

• vyātta – opened wide, expanded
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-ā-dā (to open wide)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• ānana – mouth, face
  noun (neuter)

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - of him rushing down, attacking, falling upon

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - rushing down, falling upon, attacking

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, truly, just

(indeclinable)

कालस्य (kālasya) - of Time (kāla), of death

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, death

काले (kāle) - at the hour of death (at the time, at the hour)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, death

हरतः (harataḥ) - of him carrying away, seizing, taking away

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of harat

harat - carrying, seizing, taking away, destroying

Present Active Participle

From root hṛ (to seize, carry off)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

प्रजा (prajā) - all living beings or people (beings, creatures, progeny, subjects)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, creature, people, subjects

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)