महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-54, verse-24

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एते द्रवन्ति स्म रथाश्वनागाः पदातिसंघानवमर्दयन्तः ।
संमुह्यमानाः कौरवाः सर्व एव द्रवन्ति नागा इव दावभीताः ।
हाहाकृताश्चैव रणे विशोक मुञ्चन्ति नादान्विपुलान्गजेन्द्राः ॥२४॥

24. ete dravanti sma rathāśvanāgāḥ; padātisaṁghānavamardayantaḥ ,
saṁmuhyamānāḥ kauravāḥ sarva eva; dravanti nāgā iva dāvabhītāḥ ,
hāhākṛtāścaiva raṇe viśoka; muñcanti nādānvipulāngajendrāḥ.

24. ete dravanti sma rathāśvanāgāḥ padātisaṃghān
avamardayantaḥ saṃmuhyamānāḥ kauravāḥ sarve
eva dravanti nāgā iva dāvabhītāḥ hāhākṛtāḥ ca
eva raṇe viśoka muñcanti nādān vipulān gajendrāḥ

24. ete rathāśvanāgāḥ padātisaṃghān avamardayantaḥ
sma dravanti sarve eva saṃmuhyamānāḥ kauravāḥ
dāvabhītāḥ nāgā iva dravanti ca eva viśoka
raṇe hāhākṛtāḥ gajendrāḥ vipulān nādān muñcanti

24. These chariots, horses, and elephants ran, trampling down the infantry formations. All the Kauravas, utterly bewildered, fled like elephants terrified by a forest fire. And, O Visoka, the great elephants in the battle loudly roared, crying 'hāhā'.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

एते (ete) - these

द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they run, they flee

स्म (sma) - (particle, indicates past tense when used with present tense verb)

रथाश्वनागाः (rathāśvanāgāḥ) - chariots, horses, and elephants

पदातिसंघान् (padātisaṁghān) - groups of infantry

अवमर्दयन्तः (avamardayantaḥ) - trampling down, crushing, oppressing

संमुह्यमानाः (saṁmuhyamānāḥ) - being bewildered, being confused, being deluded

कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they run, they flee

नागा (nāgā) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

दावभीताः (dāvabhītāḥ) - afraid of a forest fire

हाहाकृताः (hāhākṛtāḥ) - crying 'hāhā', lamenting

च (ca) - and, also

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the struggle

विशोक (viśoka) - O Visoka (a proper name)

मुञ्चन्ति (muñcanti) - they release, they emit, they make

नादान् (nādān) - sounds, roars

विपुलान् (vipulān) - great, loud, extensive

गजेन्द्राः (gajendrāḥ) - great elephants, lordly elephants

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they run, they flee

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of drava

Root: dru (class 1)

स्म (sma) - (particle, indicates past tense when used with present tense verb)

(indeclinable)

रथाश्वनागाः (rathāśvanāgāḥ) - chariots, horses, and elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathāśvanāga

rathāśvanāga - chariots, horses, and elephants (collectively)

Compound type : itaretara dvandva (ratha+aśva+nāga)

ratha – chariot
noun (masculine)
aśva – horse
noun (masculine)
nāga – elephant, serpent
noun (masculine)

पदातिसंघान् (padātisaṁghān) - groups of infantry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of padātisaṃgha

padātisaṁgha - group of infantry, infantry formation

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (padāti+saṃgha)

padāti – foot-soldier, infantry
noun (masculine)
saṃgha – group, multitude, assembly
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: han (class 1)

अवमर्दयन्तः (avamardayantaḥ) - trampling down, crushing, oppressing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avamardayat

avamardayat - trampling, crushing, destroying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'mṛd' with upasarga 'ava' and causative suffix 'ṇic' followed by present participle suffix 'śatṛ'.

Prefix: ava

Root: mṛd (class 9)

संमुह्यमानाः (saṁmuhyamānāḥ) - being bewildered, being confused, being deluded

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃmuhyamāna

saṁmuhyamāna - being bewildered, becoming unconscious

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'muh' with upasarga 'sam' and present participle suffix 'śānac'.

Prefix: sam

Root: muh (class 4)

कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they run, they flee

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of drava

Root: dru (class 1)

नागा (nāgā) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

दावभीताः (dāvabhītāḥ) - afraid of a forest fire

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāvabhīta

dāvabhīta - terrified by a forest fire

Compound type : pañcamī tatpuruṣa (dāva+bhīta)

dāva – forest fire
noun (masculine)
bhīta – frightened, afraid
participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'bhī' with suffix 'kta'.
Root: bhī (class 3)

हाहाकृताः (hāhākṛtāḥ) - crying 'hāhā', lamenting

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hāhākṛta

hāhākṛta - making a 'hāhā' sound, lamenting

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'kṛ' (to do) with 'hāhā' (an onomatopoeic exclamation of sorrow/distress).

Compound type : upamāna puruṣa (hāhā+kṛta)

hāhā – exclamation of grief, sorrow, or surprise
indeclinable
kṛta – made, done, performed
participle (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix 'kta'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the struggle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

विशोक (viśoka) - O Visoka (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viśoka