महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-54, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
अथ त्विदानीं तुमुले विमर्दे द्विषद्भिरेको बहुभिः समावृतः ।
महाभये सारथिमित्युवाच भीमश्चमूं वारयन्धार्तराष्ट्रीम् ।
त्वं सारथे याहि जवेन वाहैर्नयाम्येतान्धार्तराष्ट्रान्यमाय ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
atha tvidānīṁ tumule vimarde; dviṣadbhireko bahubhiḥ samāvṛtaḥ ,
mahābhaye sārathimityuvāca; bhīmaścamūṁ vārayandhārtarāṣṭrīm ,
tvaṁ sārathe yāhi javena vāhai;rnayāmyetāndhārtarāṣṭrānyamāya.

1. saṃjaya uvāca | atha tu idānīṃ tumule vimarde dviṣadbhiḥ
ekaḥ bahubhiḥ samāvṛtaḥ | mahābhaye sārathim iti
uvāca bhīmaḥ camūṃ vārayan dhārtarāṣṭrīm | tvaṃ sārathe
yāhi javena vāhaiḥ nayāmi etān dhārtarāṣṭrān yamāya

1. saṃjaya uvāca atha tu idānīṃ tumule vimarde dviṣadbhiḥ bahubhiḥ samāvṛtaḥ ekaḥ bhīmaḥ mahābhaye dhārtarāṣṭrīm camūṃ vārayan sārathim iti uvāca he sārathe,
tvaṃ javena vāhaiḥ yāhi etān dhārtarāṣṭrān yamāya nayāmi

1. Saṃjaya said: Now, at that very moment, in the midst of that tumultuous battle, Bhīma, standing alone and surrounded by numerous enemies, in a moment of great peril, addressed his charioteer, saying: "O charioteer, drive swiftly with the horses! I shall deliver these sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas) to the abode of Yama (the god of death)."

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• इदानीं (idānīṁ) - now, at this time

• तुमुले (tumule) - in a tumultuous, in a fierce

• विमर्दे (vimarde) - in a clash, in a conflict, in a battle

• द्विषद्भिः (dviṣadbhiḥ) - by enemies

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, one

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (enemies) (by many)

• समावृतः (samāvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• महाभये (mahābhaye) - in great danger, in great fear

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (proper noun)

• चमूं (camūṁ) - army

• वारयन् (vārayan) - obstructing, hindering, warding off

• धार्तराष्ट्रीम् (dhārtarāṣṭrīm) - the Kaurava army (the army of the Dhṛtarāṣṭras)

• त्वं (tvaṁ) - you (the charioteer) (you)

• सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer!

• याहि (yāhi) - go! proceed!

• जवेन (javena) - with speed, swiftly

• वाहैः (vāhaiḥ) - with horses

• नयामि (nayāmi) - I lead, I will lead

• एतान् (etān) - these

• धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

• यमाय (yamāya) - to Yama, to the god of death

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Irregular perfect form from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

इदानीं (idānīṁ) - now, at this time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

तुमुले (tumule) - in a tumultuous, in a fierce

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, fierce, dreadful

विमर्दे (vimarde) - in a clash, in a conflict, in a battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vimarda

vimarda - clash, conflict, battle, struggle

From root mṛd (to crush) with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛd (class 9)

द्विषद्भिः (dviṣadbhiḥ) - by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dviṣat

dviṣat - enemy, adversary

Present Active Participle

From root dviṣ (to hate) + śatṛ suffix

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many (enemies) (by many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

समावृतः (samāvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover) with upasargas sam and ā + kta suffix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

महाभये (mahābhaye) - in great danger, in great fear

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear, great danger

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+bhaya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  From mahat (great)
• bhaya – fear, danger
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Particle used to indicate direct speech or quotation

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Irregular perfect form from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - fearful, terrible; a proper name (Bhīma)

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

चमूं (camūṁ) - army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop

Root: cam

वारयन् (vārayan) - obstructing, hindering, warding off

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāray

vāray - to obstruct, to hinder, to ward off, to prevent

Present Active Participle

Causative stem of vṛ (to cover/restrain) + śatṛ suffix

Root: vṛ (class 5)

धार्तराष्ट्रीम् (dhārtarāṣṭrīm) - the Kaurava army (the army of the Dhṛtarāṣṭras)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭrī

dhārtarāṣṭrī - belonging to or relating to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the army of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons

Feminine noun derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra, usually refers to the army of the Kauravas

Note: Feminine accusative singular, referring to the army of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons.

त्वं (tvaṁ) - you (the charioteer) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Nominative singular of yuṣmad

सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Vocative singular of sārathi

Root: sṛ (class 1)

याहि (yāhi) - go! proceed!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of yā

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice

From root yā

Root: yā (class 2)

जवेन (javena) - with speed, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, impetus

From root jū (to be quick)

Root: jū (class 1)

वाहैः (vāhaiḥ) - with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāha

vāha - carrier, bearer, horse (as a vehicle)

From root vah (to carry)

Root: vah (class 1)

नयामि (nayāmi) - I lead, I will lead

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present, 1st person singular, active voice

From root nī

Root: nī (class 1)

एतान् (etān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Accusative plural of etad

धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

यमाय (yamāya) - to Yama, to the god of death

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), restraint

Dative singular, indicating destination

Root: yam (class 1)