महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-54, verse-10

ततो धीमान्सारथिमब्रवीद्बली स भीमसेनः पुनरेव हृष्टः ।
सूताभिजानीहि परान्स्वकान्वा रथान्ध्वजांश्चापततः समेतान् ।
युध्यन्नहं नाभिजानामि किंचिन्मा सैन्यं स्वं छादयिष्ये पृषत्कैः ॥१०॥

10. tato dhīmānsārathimabravīdbalī; sa bhīmasenaḥ punareva hṛṣṭaḥ ,
sūtābhijānīhi parānsvakānvā; rathāndhvajāṁścāpatataḥ sametān ,
yudhyannahaṁ nābhijānāmi kiṁci;nmā sainyaṁ svaṁ chādayiṣye pṛṣatkaiḥ.

10. tataḥ dhīmān sārathim abravīt balī saḥ bhīmasenaḥ
punaḥ eva hṛṣṭaḥ sūta abhijānīhi parān svakān vā rathān
dhvajān ca āpatataḥ sametān yudhyan aham na
abhijānāmi kiṃcit mā sainyam svam chādayiṣye pṛṣatkaiḥ

10. tataḥ punaḥ eva hṛṣṭaḥ saḥ dhīmān balī bhīmasenaḥ sārathim abravīt: "sūta,
āpatataḥ sametān parān vā svakān rathān ca dhvajān abhijānīhi! aham yudhyan kiṃcit na abhijānāmi.
mā svam sainyam pṛṣatkaiḥ chādayiṣye!"

10. Then, that mighty and intelligent Bhīmasena, again exhilarated, said to his charioteer: 'O charioteer, discern who are the enemies and who are our own among these chariots and banners rushing together! As I fight, I cannot distinguish anything, and I do not wish to cover our own army with my arrows.'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - wise, intelligent, sagacious

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• बली (balī) - mighty, powerful, strong

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava hero, Bhīma (Bhīmasena (Bhīma))

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly, just

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyous, exhilarated

• सूत (sūta) - O charioteer

• अभिजानीहि (abhijānīhi) - discern, distinguish, recognize

• परान् (parān) - enemies, others

• स्वकान् (svakān) - our own, one's own

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• ध्वजान् (dhvajān) - banners, standards

• च (ca) - and

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - rushing, attacking, falling upon

• समेतान् (sametān) - assembled, met together, encountered

• युध्यन् (yudhyan) - fighting, warring

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिजानामि (abhijānāmi) - I distinguish, I know, I recognize

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

• मा (mā) - do not, lest

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• स्वम् (svam) - own, one's own

• छादयिष्ये (chādayiṣye) - I do not wish to cover (used with mā) (I will cover, I will veil)

• पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

धीमान् (dhīmān) - wise, intelligent, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, sagacious

सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

बली (balī) - mighty, powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - mighty, strong, powerful, possessing strength

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava hero, Bhīma (Bhīmasena (Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, truly, just

(indeclinable)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyous, exhilarated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, pleased, joyful, glad

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be glad, rejoice)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

सूत (sūta) - O charioteer

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, herald

अभिजानीहि (abhijānīhi) - discern, distinguish, recognize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of abhijñā

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

परान् (parān) - enemies, others

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

स्वकान् (svakān) - our own, one's own

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svaka

svaka - one's own, belonging to oneself

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram (class 1)

ध्वजान् (dhvajān) - banners, standards

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, standard, flag, emblem

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - rushing, attacking, falling upon

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, falling upon, attacking

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rathān and dhvajān

समेतान् (sametān) - assembled, met together, encountered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - met, assembled, encountered, collected

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go) with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rathān and dhvajān

युध्यन् (yudhyan) - fighting, warring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, warring

Present Active Participle

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिजानामि (abhijānāmi) - I distinguish, I know, I recognize

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of abhijñā

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kiṃcid

kiṁcid - something, anything, a little, somewhat

मा (mā) - do not, lest

(indeclinable)

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

स्वम् (svam) - own, one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self, property

छादयिष्ये (chādayiṣye) - I do not wish to cover (used with mā) (I will cover, I will veil)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of chad

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Used with prohibitive particle 'mā' to express 'I do not wish to cover'.

पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣatka

pṛṣatka - arrow