महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-54, verse-22

पश्य ध्वजांश्च द्रवतो विशोक नागान्हयान्पत्तिसंघांश्च संख्ये ।
रथान्विशीर्णाञ्शरशक्तिताडितान्पश्यस्वैतान्रथिनश्चैव सूत ॥२२॥

22. paśya dhvajāṁśca dravato viśoka; nāgānhayānpattisaṁghāṁśca saṁkhye ,
rathānviśīrṇāñśaraśaktitāḍitā;npaśyasvaitānrathinaścaiva sūta.

22. paśya dhvajān ca dravataḥ viśoka
nāgān hayān pattisaṅghān ca saṅkhye
rathān viśīrṇān śaraśaktitāḍitān
paśyasva etān rathinaḥ ca eva sūta

22. viśoka,
saṅkhye dhvajān ca dravataḥ nāgān hayān ca pattisaṅghān paśya.
sūta,
etān viśīrṇān śaraśaktitāḍitān rathān ca eva rathinaḥ paśyasva.

22. O Viśoka, behold in battle (saṅkhye) the standards, and the fleeing elephants, horses, and throngs of infantry! And, O Charioteer (Sūta), behold these chariots, shattered and struck by arrows and spears, and also the charioteers themselves.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, observe, look

• ध्वजान् (dhvajān) - standards, banners, flags

• च (ca) - and, also

• द्रवतः (dravataḥ) - fleeing (soldiers, animals) (fleeing, running, flowing)

• विशोक (viśoka) - O Sanjaya (who is free from sorrow) (O Viśoka (one free from sorrow))

• नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (in a military context) (elephants, serpents)

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• पत्तिसङ्घान् (pattisaṅghān) - throngs of infantry, infantry groups

• च (ca) - and, also

• सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in the battle (in battle, in enumeration)

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• विशीर्णान् (viśīrṇān) - shattered, broken, torn apart

• शरशक्तिताडितान् (śaraśaktitāḍitān) - struck by arrows and spears/javelins

• पश्यस्व (paśyasva) - behold, see, observe (middle voice)

• एतान् (etān) - these (masculine accusative plural)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, those with chariots

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• सूत (sūta) - O Sanjaya (who is acting as a charioteer/messenger) (O charioteer, O messenger)

Words meanings and morphology

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see, observe, look

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paśya

Root dṛś forms present/imperative stem as paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ध्वजान् (dhvajān) - standards, banners, flags

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - flag, banner, standard, emblem

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

द्रवतः (dravataḥ) - fleeing (soldiers, animals) (fleeing, running, flowing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dravat

dravat - running, fleeing, flowing, swift

Present Active Participle

From root dru (to run, flee) with Śatṛ suffix.

Root: dru (class 1)

विशोक (viśoka) - O Sanjaya (who is free from sorrow) (O Viśoka (one free from sorrow))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viśoka

viśoka - free from sorrow, cheerful (an epithet or proper name, often Sanjaya)

नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (in a military context) (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - snake, serpent, elephant, mountain

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

पत्तिसङ्घान् (pattisaṅghān) - throngs of infantry, infantry groups

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pattisaṅgha

pattisaṅgha - throng of infantry, host of foot-soldiers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (patti+saṅgha)

• patti – infantry, foot-soldier, marching
  noun (masculine)
• saṅgha – multitude, collection, throng, crowd
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ha (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in the battle (in battle, in enumeration)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṅkhyā

saṅkhyā - number, enumeration, calculation, battle, fight

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

विशीर्णान् (viśīrṇān) - shattered, broken, torn apart

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viśīrṇa

viśīrṇa - shattered, broken, rent, fallen

Past Passive Participle

From root śṝ (to tear, break) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: śṝ (class 9)

शरशक्तिताडितान् (śaraśaktitāḍitān) - struck by arrows and spears/javelins

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaraśaktitāḍita

śaraśaktitāḍita - struck by arrows and spears

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+śakti+tāḍita)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – spear, javelin, dart, power (śakti)
  noun (feminine)
• tāḍita – struck, beaten, hit
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the causal of root taḍ (to strike).
  Root: taḍ (class 10)

पश्यस्व (paśyasva) - behold, see, observe (middle voice)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of paśya

Root dṛś forms present/imperative stem as paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एतान् (etān) - these (masculine accusative plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, that

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers, those with chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, one who possesses a chariot

Possessive suffix -in

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

सूत (sūta) - O Sanjaya (who is acting as a charioteer/messenger) (O charioteer, O messenger)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, messenger, offspring