महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-20, verse-15

अन्योन्यं जघ्नतुश्चैव नर्दमानौ वृषाविव ।
अन्योन्यं प्रेक्षमाणौ च चेरतुस्तौ महारथौ ॥१५॥

15. anyonyaṁ jaghnatuścaiva nardamānau vṛṣāviva ,
anyonyaṁ prekṣamāṇau ca ceratustau mahārathau.

15. anyonyam jaghnatuḥ ca eva nardamānau vṛṣau iva
anyonyam prekṣamāṇau ca ceratuḥ tau mahārathau

15. nardamānau vṛṣau iva anyonyam jaghnatuḥ ca eva
tau mahārathau ca anyonyam prekṣamāṇau ceratuḥ

15. And indeed, roaring like two bulls, they struck each other. And those two great warriors (mahārathau), eyeing each other, fought on.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• जघ्नतुः (jaghnatuḥ) - they struck, they killed

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• नर्दमानौ (nardamānau) - roaring, sounding

• वृषौ (vṛṣau) - two bulls

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• प्रेक्षमाणौ (prekṣamāṇau) - looking at, watching, observing

• च (ca) - and

• चेरतुः (ceratuḥ) - In the context of battle, implies moving and fighting. (they moved, they fought, they wandered)

• तौ (tau) - the two great warriors, referring to the combatants in the battle (those two)

• महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great warriors, two great charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

जघ्नतुः (jaghnatuḥ) - they struck, they killed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, Perfect (liṭ) of √han

Perfect Tense

3rd person dual Parasmaipada Perfect

Root: √han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

नर्दमानौ (nardamānau) - roaring, sounding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nardamāna

nardamāna - roaring, sounding

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √nṛd (to roar)

Root: √nṛd (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (tau)

वृषौ (vṛṣau) - two bulls

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛṣa

vṛṣa - bull, man, chief, best

Note: Used in simile with 'iva'

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

प्रेक्षमाणौ (prekṣamāṇau) - looking at, watching, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - looking at, observing, seeing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √īkṣ (to see) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: √īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tau'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चेरतुः (ceratuḥ) - In the context of battle, implies moving and fighting. (they moved, they fought, they wandered)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, Perfect (liṭ) of √car

Perfect Tense

3rd person dual Parasmaipada Perfect

Root: √car (class 1)

Note: Used with 'tau'

तौ (tau) - the two great warriors, referring to the combatants in the battle (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great warriors, two great charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (one who rides a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'ceratuḥ'