महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-84, verse-20

ततस्ते पाण्डवा राजन्समन्तान्निशिताञ्शरान् ।
प्रेषयामासुरुद्विग्ना हैडिम्बश्च घटोत्कचः ॥२०॥

20. tataste pāṇḍavā rājansamantānniśitāñśarān ,
preṣayāmāsurudvignā haiḍimbaśca ghaṭotkacaḥ.

20. tataḥ te pāṇḍavāḥ rājan samantāt niśitān śarān
preṣayām āsuḥ udvignāḥ haiḍimbaḥ ca ghaṭotkacaḥ

20. rājan,
tataḥ te udvignāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ ca haiḍimbaḥ ghaṭotkacaḥ samantāt niśitān śarān preṣayām āsuḥ

20. Then, O King, those agitated Pāṇḍavas and Ghaṭotkaca, the son of Hiḍimbā, dispatched sharpened arrows from all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• ते (te) - those, they

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

• निशितान् (niśitān) - sharpened, keen

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• प्रेषयाम् (preṣayām) - sending

• आसुः (āsuḥ) - they were, they became

• उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - agitated, disturbed, anxious

• हैडिम्बः (haiḍimbaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca, son of Hiḍimbā (the son of Hiḍimbā, Hiḍimba's descendant)

• च (ca) - and

• घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time/sequence.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavāḥ'.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Subject of the verb, along with Ghaṭotkaca.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

निशितान् (niśitān) - sharpened, keen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

From root √śā (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śarān'.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Object of 'preṣayām āsuḥ'.

प्रेषयाम् (preṣayām) - sending

(verb)

Causative stem + ām (ām-pratyaya for periphrastic perfect)

From √iṣ (to wish, send) with prefix pra-. Causative form preṣay-, then ām-pratyaya for periphrastic perfect.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Part of the periphrastic perfect 'preṣayām āsuḥ'.

आसुः (āsuḥ) - they were, they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect 'preṣayām āsuḥ'.

उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - agitated, disturbed, anxious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udvigna

udvigna - agitated, disturbed, anxious, terrified

Past Passive Participle

From root √vij (to tremble, fear) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavāḥ'.

हैडिम्बः (haiḍimbaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca, son of Hiḍimbā (the son of Hiḍimbā, Hiḍimba's descendant)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haiḍimba

haiḍimba - son of Hiḍimbā, Hiḍimba's descendant

Patronymic from Hiḍimbā.

Note: Another subject, refers to Ghaṭotkaca.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghaṭotkaca (a name, lit. 'pot-head' or 'pot-haired')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghaṭa+utkaca)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• utkaca – raised hair, prominent hair, bald
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ud

Note: Subject, along with Pāṇḍavas.