महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-71, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
राजन्संग्राममाश्चर्यं शृणु कीर्तयतो मम ।
कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च यथा युद्धमवर्तत ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
rājansaṁgrāmamāścaryaṁ śṛṇu kīrtayato mama ,
kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca yathā yuddhamavartata.

1. saṃjaya uvāca rājan saṅgrāmam āścaryam śṛṇu kīrtayataḥ
mama kurūṇām pāṇḍavānām ca yathā yuddham avartata

1. saṃjaya uvāca rājan mama kīrtayataḥ āścaryam saṅgrāmam śṛṇu,
ca yathā kurūṇām pāṇḍavānām yuddham avartata

1. Sañjaya said: "O King, listen to me describe the amazing battle, and how the war of the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas transpired."

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle, war, conflict

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - amazing, wonderful, surprising

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

• कीर्तयतः (kīrtayataḥ) - of me describing, while describing

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which manner

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• अवर्तत (avartata) - it transpired, took place, happened

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and advisor)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice (irregular perfect of √vac)

Root: vac (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle, war, conflict

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, combat, conflict

Compound type : tatpurusha (sam+grāma)

• sam – together, completely, with
  indeclinable
• grāma – village, multitude, troop
  noun (masculine)

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - amazing, wonderful, surprising

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, surprise, astonishing, marvellous

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of śru

imperative mood

2nd person singular, imperative mood, active voice

Root: śru (class 5)

कीर्तयतः (kīrtayataḥ) - of me describing, while describing

(participle (adjective))

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a descendant of Kuru; the Kauravas (a lineage)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu; the Pāṇḍavas (a lineage)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which manner

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Nomen actionis from √yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - it transpired, took place, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

imperfect tense

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, middle voice, with augment 'a-'

Root: vṛt (class 1)