महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-27, verse-28

तमापतन्तं द्विरदं दृष्ट्वा क्रुद्धमिवान्तकम् ।
चक्रेऽपसव्यं त्वरितः स्यन्दनेन जनार्दनः ॥२८॥

28. tamāpatantaṁ dviradaṁ dṛṣṭvā kruddhamivāntakam ,
cakre'pasavyaṁ tvaritaḥ syandanena janārdanaḥ.

28. tam āpatantam dviradam dṛṣṭvā kruddham iva antakam
cakre apasavyam tvaritaḥ syandanena janārdanaḥ

28. janārdanaḥ tam kruddham iva antakam āpatantam
dviradam dṛṣṭvā tvaritaḥ syandanena apasavyam cakre

28. Seeing that charging elephant, which resembled an enraged god of death (Antaka), Janardana (Krishna) swiftly turned his chariot in a counter-clockwise direction.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (elephant) (that, him)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - the charging (elephant) (approaching, falling, charging)

• द्विरदम् (dviradam) - the elephant (elephant (lit. two-tusked))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

• अन्तकम् (antakam) - the god of death (Antaka) (death, Yama (god of death), ender)

• चक्रे (cakre) - turned (he made, he did, he performed, he turned)

• अपसव्यम् (apasavyam) - in a counter-clockwise direction (to the left, in a counter-clockwise direction, inauspicious)

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly (hastened, swift, quick)

• स्यन्दनेन (syandanena) - with his chariot (by chariot, with a chariot)

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (Krishna) (Janardana (epithet of Vishnu/Krishna), agitator of men)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (elephant) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - the charging (elephant) (approaching, falling, charging)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling, charging

present active participle

present active participle of root pat with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dviradam

द्विरदम् (dviradam) - the elephant (elephant (lit. two-tusked))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvirada

dvirada - elephant (literally 'two-tusked')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+rada)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• rada – tusk, tooth
  noun (masculine)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

form from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry

past passive participle

past passive participle of root krudh

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with antakam

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

अन्तकम् (antakam) - the god of death (Antaka) (death, Yama (god of death), ender)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - death, Yama, ender, destroyer

चक्रे (cakre) - turned (he made, he did, he performed, he turned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect tense

3rd person singular middle voice, perfect tense of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अपसव्यम् (apasavyam) - in a counter-clockwise direction (to the left, in a counter-clockwise direction, inauspicious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apasavya

apasavya - to the left, counter-clockwise, inauspicious

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apa+savya)

• apa – away, off, down
  indeclinable
• savya – left, left hand
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swiftly (hastened, swift, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, swift

past passive participle

past passive participle of root tvar

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies Janārdanaḥ

स्यन्दनेन (syandanena) - with his chariot (by chariot, with a chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, flowing, moving

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Janardana (Krishna) (Janardana (epithet of Vishnu/Krishna), agitator of men)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna), agitator of men