महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-27, verse-22

तं रथेन नरव्याघ्रः प्रत्यगृह्णादभीतवत् ।
स संनिपातस्तुमुलो बभूव रथनागयोः ॥२२॥

22. taṁ rathena naravyāghraḥ pratyagṛhṇādabhītavat ,
sa saṁnipātastumulo babhūva rathanāgayoḥ.

22. tam rathena naravyāghraḥ pratyagṛhṇāt abhītavat
saḥ saṃnipātaḥ tumulaḥ babhūva rathanāgayoḥ

22. naravyāghraḥ abhītavat rathena tam pratyagṛhṇāt
saḥ tumulaḥ saṃnipātaḥ rathanāgayoḥ babhūva

22. The tiger among men (Arjuna), unafraid, met him with his chariot. A tumultuous clash then ensued between the chariot and the elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Bhagadatta (him, that)

• रथेन (rathena) - with his (Arjuna's) chariot (by chariot)

• नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - Arjuna (tiger among men, best of men, hero)

• प्रत्यगृह्णात् (pratyagṛhṇāt) - engaged in battle with (received, engaged, encountered, accepted)

• अभीतवत् (abhītavat) - fearlessly (like one unafraid, fearlessly)

• सः (saḥ) - that particular clash (that, he)

• संनिपातः (saṁnipātaḥ) - the intense clash in battle (clash, encounter, falling together)

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - extremely fierce and chaotic (tumultuous, fierce, noisy)

• बभूव (babhūva) - ensued (became, was, happened)

• रथनागयोः (rathanāgayoḥ) - between Arjuna's chariot and Bhagadatta's elephant (of the chariot and elephant, between the chariot and elephant)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Bhagadatta (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथेन (rathena) - with his (Arjuna's) chariot (by chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - Arjuna (tiger among men, best of men, hero)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, hero

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

प्रत्यगृह्णात् (pratyagṛhṇāt) - engaged in battle with (received, engaged, encountered, accepted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratigrah

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

अभीतवत् (abhītavat) - fearlessly (like one unafraid, fearlessly)

(indeclinable)

formed from abhīta (not afraid) + -vat (suffix indicating 'like, as if')

सः (saḥ) - that particular clash (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संनिपातः (saṁnipātaḥ) - the intense clash in battle (clash, encounter, falling together)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃnipāta

saṁnipāta - falling together, encounter, clash

derived from verb root pat (to fall) with prefixes sam and ni

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - extremely fierce and chaotic (tumultuous, fierce, noisy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, fierce, noisy

Note: Qualifies 'saṃnipātaḥ'.

बभूव (babhūva) - ensued (became, was, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

रथनागयोः (rathanāgayoḥ) - between Arjuna's chariot and Bhagadatta's elephant (of the chariot and elephant, between the chariot and elephant)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of rathanāga

rathanāga - chariot and elephant

Compound type : dvandva (ratha+nāga)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Dual genitive, indicating 'of the two, chariot and elephant'.