महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-21, verse-4

जृम्भमाणमिव व्याघ्रं प्रभिन्नमिव कुञ्जरम् ।
त्यजन्तमाहवे प्राणान्संनद्धं चित्रयोधिनम् ॥४॥

4. jṛmbhamāṇamiva vyāghraṁ prabhinnamiva kuñjaram ,
tyajantamāhave prāṇānsaṁnaddhaṁ citrayodhinam.

4. jṛmbhamāṇam iva vyāghram prabhinnam iva kuñjaram
tyajantam āhave prāṇān saṃnaddham citrayodhinam

4. jṛmbhamāṇam iva vyāghram prabhinnam iva kuñjaram
āhave prāṇān tyajantam saṃnaddham citrayodhinam

4. Drona, who was like a gaping tiger, like a maddened elephant, who makes others abandon their lives (prāṇa) in battle, fully armed, and fighting wondrously.

Words meanings summery:

• जृम्भमाणम् (jṛmbhamāṇam) - gaping, yawning, opening wide, stretching

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• व्याघ्रम् (vyāghram) - tiger

• प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - maddened (referring to an elephant in rut) (maddened, in rut, separated, split)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - elephant

• त्यजन्तम् (tyajantam) - causing others to abandon (their lives) (abandoning, giving up, sacrificing)

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives of others (enemies) (lives, breaths, life-forces (prāṇa))

• संनद्धम् (saṁnaddham) - armed, equipped, prepared, ready

• चित्रयोधिनम् (citrayodhinam) - fighting wondrously, of varied fighting skill, a skillful warrior

Words meanings and morphology

जृम्भमाणम् (jṛmbhamāṇam) - gaping, yawning, opening wide, stretching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jṛmbhamāṇa

jṛmbhamāṇa - gaping, yawning, opening wide, stretching

Present Middle Participle

From root 'jṛmbh' (to yawn, gape) + 'śānac' (present middle participle suffix).

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vyāghram'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used for simile.

व्याघ्रम् (vyāghram) - tiger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

Note: Object of comparison.

प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - maddened (referring to an elephant in rut) (maddened, in rut, separated, split)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, split, pierced, maddened (esp. an elephant in rut)

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' + root 'bhid' (to split, break) + 'kta' (P.P.P. suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'kuñjaram'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used for simile.

कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant (lit. 'roaming in caves/groves')

Note: Object of comparison.

त्यजन्तम् (tyajantam) - causing others to abandon (their lives) (abandoning, giving up, sacrificing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tyajant

tyajant - abandoning, giving up, sacrificing

Present Active Participle

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon, leave) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied object 'droṇam'.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, conflict

From 'ā' + root 'hū' (to call, invoke).

Prefix: ā

Root: hū (class 1)

Note: Adverbial of place/time for 'tyajantam'.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives of others (enemies) (lives, breaths, life-forces (prāṇa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, life-force (prāṇa)

From 'pra' + root 'an' (to breathe).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

संनद्धम् (saṁnaddham) - armed, equipped, prepared, ready

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃnaddha

saṁnaddha - armed, equipped, prepared, ready

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' + root 'nah' (to tie on, arm) + 'kta' (P.P.P. suffix).

Prefix: sam

Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied object 'droṇam'.

चित्रयोधिनम् (citrayodhinam) - fighting wondrously, of varied fighting skill, a skillful warrior

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of citrayodhin

citrayodhin - fighting wondrously, a skillful or varied fighter

Compound: 'citra' (wondrous, varied) + 'yodhin' (fighter).

Compound type : tatpurusha (citra+yodhin)

• citra – wondrous, varied, manifold, brilliant
  adjective (neuter)
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'yudh' (to fight) + 'ini' (agent suffix).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied object 'droṇam'.