महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-21, verse-16

एष भीमो दृढक्रोधो हीनः पाण्डवसृञ्जयैः ।
मदीयैरावृतो योधैः कर्ण तर्जयतीव माम् ॥१६॥

16. eṣa bhīmo dṛḍhakrodho hīnaḥ pāṇḍavasṛñjayaiḥ ,
madīyairāvṛto yodhaiḥ karṇa tarjayatīva mām.

16. eṣa bhīmaḥ dṛḍhakrodhaḥ hīnaḥ pāṇḍavasṛñjayaiḥ
madīyaiḥ āvṛtaḥ yodhaiḥ karṇa tarjayati iva mām

16. karṇa eṣa bhīmaḥ dṛḍhakrodhaḥ pāṇḍavasṛñjayaiḥ
hīnaḥ madīyaiḥ yodhaiḥ āvṛtaḥ mām iva tarjayati

16. This Bhīma, with his unyielding anger, abandoned by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas, and now surrounded by my warriors, seems to threaten me, O Karṇa!

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma

• दृढक्रोधः (dṛḍhakrodhaḥ) - having firm anger, whose anger is unyielding

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - abandoned, deprived, left, inferior

• पाण्डवसृञ्जयैः (pāṇḍavasṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas

• मदीयैः (madīyaiḥ) - by my (men/warriors)

• आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

• योधैः (yodhaiḥ) - by warriors

• कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karṇa

• तर्जयति (tarjayati) - he threatens, he frightens

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• माम् (mām) - me

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable, Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

दृढक्रोधः (dṛḍhakrodhaḥ) - having firm anger, whose anger is unyielding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhakrodha

dṛḍhakrodha - whose anger is firm, unyielding in anger

Bahuvrīhi compound: dṛḍha (firm) + krodha (anger).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+krodha)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, hard, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛh (to be firm).
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root krudh (to be angry).
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmaḥ.

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - abandoned, deprived, left, inferior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - abandoned, deprived of, left, inferior, deficient

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, leave).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmaḥ.

पाण्डवसृञ्जयैः (pāṇḍavasṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍavasṛñjaya

pāṇḍavasṛñjaya - Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas (referring to the allied forces)

Dvandva compound of Pāṇḍava and Sṛñjaya.

Compound type : dvandva (pāṇḍava+sṛñjaya)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava
  proper noun (masculine)
• sṛñjaya – a Sṛñjaya (a tribe or family allied with the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)

मदीयैः (madīyaiḥ) - by my (men/warriors)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of madīya

madīya - my, mine, belonging to me

Derived from mad (me/I).

आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - surrounded, covered, enveloped, veiled

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā- and root vṛ (to cover, surround).

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmaḥ.

योधैः (yodhaiḥ) - by warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karṇa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear, Karṇa (a proper name, son of Kuntī and Sūrya)

तर्जयति (tarjayati) - he threatens, he frightens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tarjay

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Causative form of tṛj or denominative from tarjana (threatening).

Root: tṛj (class 10)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of tarjayati.