महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-47, verse-12

तमन्वयान्महेष्वासो भारद्वाजः प्रतापवान् ।
कुन्तलैश्च दशार्णैश्च मागधैश्च विशां पते ॥१२॥

12. tamanvayānmaheṣvāso bhāradvājaḥ pratāpavān ,
kuntalaiśca daśārṇaiśca māgadhaiśca viśāṁ pate.

12. tam anvayān maheṣvāsaḥ bhāradvājaḥ pratāpavān
kuntalaiḥ ca daśārṇaiḥ ca māgadhaiḥ ca viśām pate

12. viśām pate tam anvayān maheṣvāsaḥ bhāradvājaḥ
pratāpavān kuntalaiḥ ca daśārṇaiḥ ca māgadhaiḥ ca

12. O King (viśām pate), the mighty Drona (bhāradvājaḥ), the great archer, following him, was accompanied by the Kuntalas, Dasharnas, and Magadhas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Bhishma (referring to the previous verse) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• अन्वयान् (anvayān) - following Bhishma (following, going after)

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer, great bowman

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Dronacharya, the preceptor (Drona, son of Bharadvaja)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, valorous, glorious

• कुन्तलैः (kuntalaiḥ) - by the Kuntalas (a tribe/people)

• च (ca) - and

• दशार्णैः (daśārṇaiḥ) - by the Dasharnas (a tribe/people)

• च (ca) - and

• मागधैः (māgadhaiḥ) - by the Magadhas (a tribe/people)

• च (ca) - and

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects, of people

• पते (pate) - addressing the king (Dhritarashtra) (O lord, O master, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Bhishma (referring to the previous verse) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अन्वयान् (anvayān) - following Bhishma (following, going after)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anvayant

anvayant - following, going after, pursuing

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'anu' (after) and suffix 'śatṛ'. The long 'ā' in 'anvayān' is an unusual form for a masculine nominative singular participle (expected 'anvayan'), likely a textual variant or interpretation of sandhi.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'bhāradvājaḥ'

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - great archer, great bowman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, great bowman

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+īṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• īṣvāsa – bowman, archer (literally, 'one whose seat is the bow')
  noun (masculine)

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Dronacharya, the preceptor (Drona, son of Bharadvaja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - Drona, a descendant of Bharadvaja

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, powerful, valorous, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, powerful, valorous, glorious

From 'pratāpa' (splendor, might) + possessive suffix 'mat/vat'

Note: Agrees with 'bhāradvājaḥ'

कुन्तलैः (kuntalaiḥ) - by the Kuntalas (a tribe/people)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuntala

kuntala - the Kuntalas (an ancient Indian tribe/region)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दशार्णैः (daśārṇaiḥ) - by the Dasharnas (a tribe/people)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of daśārṇa

daśārṇa - the Dasharnas (an ancient Indian tribe/region)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मागधैः (māgadhaiḥ) - by the Magadhas (a tribe/people)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of māgadha

māgadha - the Magadhas (an ancient Indian tribe/region)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects, of people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, household, tribe

पते (pate) - addressing the king (Dhritarashtra) (O lord, O master, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler, king