महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-47, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
क्रौञ्चं ततो महाव्यूहमभेद्यं तनयस्तव ।
व्यूढं दृष्ट्वा महाघोरं पार्थेनामिततेजसा ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
krauñcaṁ tato mahāvyūhamabhedyaṁ tanayastava ,
vyūḍhaṁ dṛṣṭvā mahāghoraṁ pārthenāmitatejasā.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca krauñcam tataḥ mahāvyūham abhedyam tanayaḥ
tava vyūḍham dṛṣṭvā mahāghoram pārthana amitatajasā

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tava tanayaḥ tataḥ amitatajasā pārthana
mahāghoram abhedyam krauñcam mahāvyūham vyūḍham dṛṣṭvā

1. Sanjaya said: Then your son (Duryodhana), upon seeing this terribly formidable, impenetrable great Krauñca formation arrayed by Arjuna, who possesses immeasurable might,...

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• क्रौञ्चम् (krauñcam) - the Krauñca (crane-shaped) formation

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (in sequence of events) (then, thereafter, from that)

• महाव्यूहम् (mahāvyūham) - great formation, mighty array

• अभेद्यम् (abhedyam) - impenetrable, unassailable

• तनयः (tanayaḥ) - Duryodhana (son)

• तव (tava) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your, of you)

• व्यूढम् (vyūḍham) - arrayed, formed, drawn up

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - terribly formidable, very dreadful

• पार्थन (pārthana) - by Arjuna, by the son of Pṛthā

• अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - by the one of immeasurable prowess/splendor

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sanjaya (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

क्रौञ्चम् (krauñcam) - the Krauñca (crane-shaped) formation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krauñca

krauñca - crane (bird), a specific military formation resembling a crane

Note: refers to vyūham

ततः (tataḥ) - then (in sequence of events) (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

महाव्यूहम् (mahāvyūham) - great formation, mighty array

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāvyūha

mahāvyūha - great formation, mighty array

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vyūha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vyūha – military array, formation, arrangement
  noun (masculine)
  from √vyūh (to arrange, dispose) with prefix vi- and suffix -a
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vyūh (class 10)

Note: object of dṛṣṭvā

अभेद्यम् (abhedyam) - impenetrable, unassailable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhedya

abhedya - impenetrable, unassailable, indivisible

Gerundive/future passive participle

negative prefix 'a-' + √bhid (to break, divide) + suffix '-ya'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhedya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• bhedya – to be broken, penetrable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/future passive participle
  from √bhid (to break, divide) with suffix -ya
  Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: agrees with mahāvyūham

तनयः (tanayaḥ) - Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, child

from √tan (to stretch, extend, produce)

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: subject of the implied verb in the next verse

तव (tava) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

व्यूढम् (vyūḍham) - arrayed, formed, drawn up

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyūḍha

vyūḍha - arrayed, formed, drawn up

Past Passive Participle

from √vyūh (to arrange, dispose) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: vyūh (class 10)

Note: agrees with mahāvyūham

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - terribly formidable, very dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāghora

mahāghora - terribly formidable, very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, intense, mighty
  adjective
• ghora – dreadful, formidable, terrible
  adjective (masculine)

Note: agrees with mahāvyūham

पार्थन (pārthana) - by Arjuna, by the son of Pṛthā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: agent of vyūḍham

अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - by the one of immeasurable prowess/splendor

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - of immeasurable prowess/splendor

Compound type : bahuvrihi (amita+tejas)

• amita – immeasurable, unlimited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  negative prefix 'a-' + √mā (to measure) + suffix '-ita'
  Root: mā (class 2)
• tejas – splendor, might, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: agrees with Pārthana