महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-90, verse-11

न पाण्डवानामस्माभिः प्रतिदेयं यथोचितम् ।
इति व्यवसितास्तेषु वचनं स्यान्निरर्थकम् ॥११॥

11. na pāṇḍavānāmasmābhiḥ pratideyaṁ yathocitam ,
iti vyavasitāsteṣu vacanaṁ syānnirarthakam.

11. na pāṇḍavānām asmābhiḥ pratideyam yathocitam
iti vyavasitāḥ teṣu vacanam syāt nirarthakam

11. "Nothing proper should be returned to the Pāṇḍavas by us"—this is their firm resolve. Therefore, among them, (your) words would be meaningless.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - to the Pāṇḍavas, of the Pāṇḍavas

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• प्रतिदेयम् (pratideyam) - to be given back, to be returned

• यथोचितम् (yathocitam) - as is proper, according to what is right, suitably

• इति (iti) - thus, this is

• व्यवसिताः (vyavasitāḥ) - resolved, determined

• तेषु (teṣu) - among them, regarding them

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - meaningless, futile, useless

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - to the Pāṇḍavas, of the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Used in a dative sense with 'pratideyam'.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction.

प्रतिदेयम् (pratideyam) - to be given back, to be returned

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratideya

pratideya - to be given back, to be returned

Gerundive

From root dā with prefix prati, then ṇyat suffix.

Prefix: prati

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with an implied object, e.g., 'something'.

यथोचितम् (yathocitam) - as is proper, according to what is right, suitably

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā + ucita (P.P.P. of vac).

Compound type : avyayibhava (yathā+ucita)

• yathā – as, just as
  indeclinable
• ucita – proper, right, suitable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vac + kta suffix.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially.

इति (iti) - thus, this is

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quotation or thought.

व्यवसिताः (vyavasitāḥ) - resolved, determined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyavasita

vyavasita - resolved, determined, undertaken, decided

Past Passive Participle

From root sā/so with prefixes vi and ava, then kta suffix.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sā (class 4)

Note: Refers to the Dhārtarāṣṭras (implied from previous verse).

तेषु (teṣu) - among them, regarding them

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Dhārtarāṣṭras.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

From root vac + ana suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - meaningless, futile, useless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirarthaka

nirarthaka - meaningless, useless, vain

Compound of nis + artha.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (nis+artha)

• nis – without, out of, away
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective. Agrees with 'vacanam'.