महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-42, verse-6

यमं त्वेके मृत्युमतोऽन्यमाहुरात्मावसन्नममृतं ब्रह्मचर्यम् ।
पितृलोके राज्यमनुशास्ति देवः शिवः शिवानामशिवोऽशिवानाम् ॥६॥

6. yamaṁ tveke mṛtyumato'nyamāhu;rātmāvasannamamṛtaṁ brahmacaryam ,
pitṛloke rājyamanuśāsti devaḥ; śivaḥ śivānāmaśivo'śivānām.

6. yamam tu eke mṛtyum ataḥ anyam
āhuḥ ātma-avasannam amṛtam brahmacaryam
pitṛloke rājyam anuśāsti
devaḥ śivaḥ śivānām aśivaḥ aśivānām

6. Some identify Yama as death, but others declare that death is something different: being overwhelmed by one's own self (ātman). They say that immortality is attained through spiritual discipline (brahmacharya). The god Śiva, who is benevolent towards the virtuous and malevolent towards the wicked, rules the kingdom in the world of ancestors (pitṛloka).

Words meanings summery:

• यमम् (yamam) - Yama, the lord of death (Yama, the lord of death; restraint; control)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• एके (eke) - some, certain ones

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• अतः (ataḥ) - hence, from this, therefore

• अन्यम् (anyam) - other, different

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• आत्म-अवसन्नम् (ātma-avasannam) - overwhelmed by the self; subdued by the ego

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality; nectar; immortal

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - spiritual discipline; celibacy; student life devoted to the Veda

• पितृलोके (pitṛloke) - in the world of ancestors

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; sovereignty; rule

• अनुशास्ति (anuśāsti) - rules; governs; instructs

• देवः (devaḥ) - god; deity; divine being

• शिवः (śivaḥ) - Śiva, the deity (auspicious; benevolent; Śiva (the deity))

• शिवानाम् (śivānām) - of the auspicious ones; of the virtuous

• अशिवः (aśivaḥ) - inauspicious; malevolent; harmful

• अशिवानाम् (aśivānām) - of the inauspicious ones; of the wicked

Words meanings and morphology

यमम् (yamam) - Yama, the lord of death (Yama, the lord of death; restraint; control)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death), restraint, control, twin

Root: yam (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

एके (eke) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of eka

eka - one, a certain, some

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, Mortality, Yama (god of death)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

अतः (ataḥ) - hence, from this, therefore

(indeclinable)

अन्यम् (anyam) - other, different

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (used as present) (liṭ) of ah

Perfect tense form often used as present

Root: ah (class 2)

आत्म-अवसन्नम् (ātma-avasannam) - overwhelmed by the self; subdued by the ego

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātma-avasanna

ātma-avasanna - overwhelmed by the self, fallen from one's true self, self-subdued

Compound type : Tatpurusha (ātman+avasanna)

• ātman – self, soul, ego, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• avasanna – subdued, fallen, overwhelmed, depressed, worn out
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root sad (to sit, sink) with ava prefix
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sad (class 6)

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality; nectar; immortal

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortality, nectar, ambrosia, immortal

Root: mṛ (class 6)

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - spiritual discipline; celibacy; student life devoted to the Veda

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - spiritual student life, celibacy, conduct worthy of a brahman

पितृलोके (pitṛloke) - in the world of ancestors

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛloka

pitṛloka - world of ancestors

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pitṛ+loka)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, region, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; sovereignty; rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, government

Root: rāj (class 1)

अनुशास्ति (anuśāsti) - rules; governs; instructs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anuśās

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

देवः (devaḥ) - god; deity; divine being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine, celestial

Root: div (class 4)

शिवः (śivaḥ) - Śiva, the deity (auspicious; benevolent; Śiva (the deity))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent, kind; the deity Shiva

शिवानाम् (śivānām) - of the auspicious ones; of the virtuous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent, kind; the deity Shiva

अशिवः (aśivaḥ) - inauspicious; malevolent; harmful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśiva

aśiva - inauspicious, malevolent, unlucky, harmful

From a- (not) + śiva (auspicious)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+śiva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śiva – auspicious, benevolent, kind
  adjective (masculine)

अशिवानाम् (aśivānām) - of the inauspicious ones; of the wicked

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśiva

aśiva - inauspicious, malevolent, unlucky, harmful

From a- (not) + śiva (auspicious)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+śiva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śiva – auspicious, benevolent, kind
  adjective (masculine)