महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-42, verse-29

विद्वांसो मानयन्तीह इति मन्येत मानितः ।
अधर्मविदुषो मूढा लोकशास्त्रविशारदाः ।
न मान्यं मानयिष्यन्ति इति मन्येदमानितः ॥२९॥

29. vidvāṁso mānayantīha iti manyeta mānitaḥ ,
adharmaviduṣo mūḍhā lokaśāstraviśāradāḥ ,
na mānyaṁ mānayiṣyanti iti manyedamānitaḥ.

29. vidvāṃsaḥ mānayanti iha iti manyeta
mānitaḥ adharmaviduṣaḥ mūḍhāḥ
lokaśāstraviśāradāḥ na mānyam
mānayiṣyanti iti manyeta amānitaḥ

29. The honored person should think, 'The truly learned (vidvāṃsaḥ) honor me here.' And the dishonored person should think, 'The foolish, who are ignorant of natural law (dharma) and merely skilled in worldly knowledge and conventions, will not honor one who is truly worthy of respect.'

Words meanings summery:

• विद्वांसः (vidvāṁsaḥ) - learned ones, scholars

• मानयन्ति (mānayanti) - they honor, they respect

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, (quotation marker)

• मन्येत (manyeta) - one should think, one should consider

• मानितः (mānitaḥ) - honored, respected

• अधर्मविदुषः (adharmaviduṣaḥ) - those who are ignorant of natural law (dharma) (ignorant of dharma, knowing unrighteousness)

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded

• लोकशास्त्रविशारदाः (lokaśāstraviśāradāḥ) - skilled in worldly knowledge and conventional wisdom (skilled in worldly affairs and common knowledge)

• न (na) - not, no

• मान्यम् (mānyam) - honorable, worthy of respect

• मानयिष्यन्ति (mānayiṣyanti) - they will honor, they will respect

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, (quotation marker)

• मन्येत (manyeta) - one should think, one should consider

• अमानितः (amānitaḥ) - dishonored, not honored

Words meanings and morphology

विद्वांसः (vidvāṁsaḥ) - learned ones, scholars

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidvat

vidvat - learned, wise, knowing

Present Active Participle

From √vid (to know) + śatṛ suffix

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Functions as a noun, 'the learned'.

मानयन्ति (mānayanti) - they honor, they respect

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √mān

Causative of √man

From √man (to think) + caus. suffix -aya

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'vidvāṃsaḥ'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

मन्येत (manyeta) - one should think, one should consider

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Implied subject is 'mānitaḥ'.

मानितः (mānitaḥ) - honored, respected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānita

mānita - honored, respected

Past Passive Participle

From √mān (to honor, causative)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun/subject here, "the honored one".

अधर्मविदुषः (adharmaviduṣaḥ) - those who are ignorant of natural law (dharma) (ignorant of dharma, knowing unrighteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adharmaviduṣ

adharmaviduṣ - ignorant of dharma, knowing unrighteousness

Compound of a- (negative) + dharma (natural law) + viduṣ (knower)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma+viduṣ)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viduṣ – knower, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Perfect Active Participle
  From √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Functions as a noun "those who are ignorant of dharma".

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, ignorant, deluded

Past Passive Participle of √muh

From √muh (to be bewildered, to err)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'adharmaviduṣaḥ'.

लोकशास्त्रविशारदाः (lokaśāstraviśāradāḥ) - skilled in worldly knowledge and conventional wisdom (skilled in worldly affairs and common knowledge)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lokaśāstraviśārada

lokaśāstraviśārada - skilled in worldly knowledge and conventions

Compound of loka (world) + śāstra (science, treatise) + viśārada (skilled)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+śāstra+viśārada)

• loka – world, people, common practice
  noun (masculine)
• śāstra – scripture, science, treatise, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From √śās (to instruct, to rule)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• viśārada – skilled, proficient, expert
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi

Note: Agrees with 'adharmaviduṣaḥ' and 'mūḍhāḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

मान्यम् (mānyam) - honorable, worthy of respect

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mānya

mānya - to be honored, venerable, respectable

Gerundive

From √mān (to honor) + -ya (gerundive suffix)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun "an honorable one". Object of 'mānayiṣyanti'.

मानयिष्यन्ति (mānayiṣyanti) - they will honor, they will respect

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of √mān

Causative of √man

From √man (to think) + caus. suffix -aya

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'adharmaviduṣaḥ mūḍhāḥ lokaśāstraviśāradāḥ'.

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

मन्येत (manyeta) - one should think, one should consider

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Implied subject is 'amānitaḥ'.

अमानितः (amānitaḥ) - dishonored, not honored

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amānita

amānita - dishonored, not honored, unrespected

Past Passive Participle (negative)

From a- (negative) + mānita (honored)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mānita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• mānita – honored, respected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √mān (to honor, causative)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Functions as a noun "the dishonored one".