महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-42, verse-12

अभिध्या वै प्रथमं हन्ति चैनं कामक्रोधौ गृह्य चैनं तु पश्चात् ।
एते बालान्मृत्यवे प्रापयन्ति धीरास्तु धैर्येण तरन्ति मृत्युम् ॥१२॥

12. abhidhyā vai prathamaṁ hanti cainaṁ; kāmakrodhau gṛhya cainaṁ tu paścāt ,
ete bālānmṛtyave prāpayanti; dhīrāstu dhairyeṇa taranti mṛtyum.

12. abhidhyā vai prathamam hanti ca enam
kāmakrodhau gṛhya ca enam tu
paścāt ete bālān mṛtyave prāpayanti
dhīrāḥ tu dhairyeṇa taranti mṛtyum

12. Indeed, covetousness (abhidhyā) first destroys a person. Then, desire (kāma) and anger (krodha) seize them afterwards. These (three) lead the ignorant to death, but the wise overcome death with fortitude.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिध्या (abhidhyā) - covetousness, envy, intense desire for others' possessions

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, initially, primarily

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, destroys, strikes

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - a person (general) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

• कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire (kāma) and anger (krodha)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having seized, having taken, having grasped

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - a person (general) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later, behind

• एते (ete) - these (covetousness, desire, and anger) (these (masculine nominative plural))

• बालान् (bālān) - the foolish, the ignorant (the foolish, the ignorant, children)

• मृत्यवे (mṛtyave) - for death, to death

• प्रापयन्ति (prāpayanti) - they cause to obtain, they lead to, they bring to

• धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the steadfast, the resolute

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• धैर्येण (dhairyeṇa) - with fortitude, with courage, with steadfastness

• तरन्ति (taranti) - they overcome, they cross over, they pass over

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (mṛtyu)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिध्या (abhidhyā) - covetousness, envy, intense desire for others' possessions

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhidhyā

abhidhyā - covetousness, envy, intense desire, longing

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhyā (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, initially, primarily

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, initial

Note: Used adverbially here.

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, destroys, strikes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of han

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - a person (general) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire (kāma) and anger (krodha)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kāmakrodha

kāmakrodha - desire (kāma) and anger (krodha)

Compound type : dvandva (kāma+krodha)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having seized, having taken, having grasped

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -ya

Root: grah (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - a person (general) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later, behind

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these (covetousness, desire, and anger) (these (masculine nominative plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, this one

बालान् (bālān) - the foolish, the ignorant (the foolish, the ignorant, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, foolish, ignorant

मृत्यवे (mṛtyave) - for death, to death

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death (mṛtyu), mortality, god of death (mṛtyu)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

प्रापयन्ति (prāpayanti) - they cause to obtain, they lead to, they bring to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of āp

causative

Causative form of root āp with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the steadfast, the resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, resolute, brave

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

धैर्येण (dhairyeṇa) - with fortitude, with courage, with steadfastness

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - fortitude, patience, firmness, steadfastness

Derived from dhīra (wise, firm)

तरन्ति (taranti) - they overcome, they cross over, they pass over

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of tṛ

Root: tṛ (class 1)

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (mṛtyu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death (mṛtyu), mortality, god of death (mṛtyu)

Root: mṛ (class 6)