महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-42, verse-17

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
यानिमानाहुः स्वस्य धर्मस्य लोकान्द्विजातीनां पुण्यकृतां सनातनान् ।
तेषां परिक्रमान्कथयन्तस्ततोऽन्यान्नैतद्विद्वन्नैव कृतं च कर्म ॥१७॥

17. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
yānimānāhuḥ svasya dharmasya lokā;ndvijātīnāṁ puṇyakṛtāṁ sanātanān ,
teṣāṁ parikramānkathayantastato'nyā;nnaitadvidvannaiva kṛtaṁ ca karma.

17. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | yāni imān āhuḥ svasya
dharmasya lokān dvijātīnām puṇyakṛtām
sanātanān | teṣām parikramān kathayantaḥ tataḥ
anyān na etat vidvān na eva kṛtam ca karma

17. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: They speak of these eternal realms (lokān), which are attained by one's own natural law (dharma) and are for the twice-born (dvijāti) who perform meritorious deeds. But merely speaking of their paths, or of other matters, is not something a wise person (vidvān) does, nor is it considered a [meritorious] action (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यानि (yāni) - which (plural, neuter)

• इमान् (imān) - these (plural, masculine)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call

• स्वस्य (svasya) - of one's own

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law, of duty

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born

• पुण्यकृताम् (puṇyakṛtām) - of the merit-doers, of the virtuous

• सनातनान् (sanātanān) - eternal, perpetual, ancient

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• परिक्रमान् (parikramān) - paths, journeys, ways of traversing

• कथयन्तः (kathayantaḥ) - speaking, narrating, telling

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other matters (others, other things)

• न (na) - not, no

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the act of speaking) (this)

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, knowing

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - something done (as a meritorious action) (done, performed)

• च (ca) - and

• कर्म (karma) - meritorious action (karma) (action, deed, work)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root: vac (class 2)

यानि (yāni) - which (plural, neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, what

इमान् (imān) - these (plural, masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, this one

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect Active

Root: ah (class 2)

स्वस्य (svasya) - of one's own

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law, of duty

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, snake, tooth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, class
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

पुण्यकृताम् (puṇyakṛtām) - of the merit-doers, of the virtuous

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṇyakṛt

puṇyakṛt - doer of good deeds, virtuous person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṇya+kṛt)

• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – maker, doer, performer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सनातनान् (sanātanān) - eternal, perpetual, ancient

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, everlasting

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

परिक्रमान् (parikramān) - paths, journeys, ways of traversing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parikrama

parikrama - going round, circuit, course, path, journey

Prefix: pari

Root: kram (class 1)

कथयन्तः (kathayantaḥ) - speaking, narrating, telling

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kathayat

kathayat - telling, relating, narrating

Present Active Participle

Derived from the verbal base kathaya- (from √kath).

Root: kath (class 10)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अन्यान् (anyān) - other matters (others, other things)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the act of speaking) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, knowing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - knowing, learned, wise

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √vid (to know) with the Śatṛ affix.

Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - something done (as a meritorious action) (done, performed)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, deed, action

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make) with the kta affix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कर्म (karma) - meritorious action (karma) (action, deed, work)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny

Root: kṛ (class 8)