महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-40, verse-14

मृतं पुत्रं दुःखपुष्टं मनुष्या उत्क्षिप्य राजन्स्वगृहान्निर्हरन्ति ।
तं मुक्तकेशाः करुणं रुदन्तश्चितामध्ये काष्ठमिव क्षिपन्ति ॥१४॥

14. mṛtaṁ putraṁ duḥkhapuṣṭaṁ manuṣyā; utkṣipya rājansvagṛhānnirharanti ,
taṁ muktakeśāḥ karuṇaṁ rudanta;ścitāmadhye kāṣṭhamiva kṣipanti.

14. mṛtam putram duḥkhapuṣṭam manuṣyāḥ
utkṣipya rājan svagṛhāt nirharanti
tam muktakeśāḥ karuṇam rudantaḥ
citāmadhye kāṣṭham iva kṣipanti

14. O King, when a son, nourished with much sorrow, dies, people lift him up and carry him out from their homes. Then, with dishevelled hair and weeping piteously, they cast him into the pyre as if he were a mere log.

Words meanings summery:

• मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead, deceased

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• दुःखपुष्टम् (duḥkhapuṣṭam) - a son who has caused much sorrow to nourish (raise) him (nourished by sorrow, sustained by misery)

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - men, people, human beings

• उत्क्षिप्य (utkṣipya) - having lifted up, having raised

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• स्वगृहात् (svagṛhāt) - from one's own house, from one's home

• निर्हरन्ति (nirharanti) - they carry out, they take away

• तम् (tam) - that (son) (him, that (one))

• मुक्तकेशाः (muktakeśāḥ) - with dishevelled hair, having unbound hair

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously, lamentably, sadly

• रुदन्तः (rudantaḥ) - weeping, crying

• चितामध्ये (citāmadhye) - in the middle of the funeral pyre, into the pyre

• काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - log, piece of wood

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• क्षिपन्ति (kṣipanti) - they cast, they throw

Words meanings and morphology

मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead, deceased

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, expired

Past Passive Participle

From root mṛ

Root: mṛ (class 6)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

दुःखपुष्टम् (duḥkhapuṣṭam) - a son who has caused much sorrow to nourish (raise) him (nourished by sorrow, sustained by misery)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkhapuṣṭa

duḥkhapuṣṭa - nourished by sorrow, brought up with difficulty

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+puṣṭa)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• puṣṭa – nourished, grown, developed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root puṣ
  Root: puṣ (class 4)

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - men, people, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

उत्क्षिप्य (utkṣipya) - having lifted up, having raised

(indeclinable)

Prefix: ud

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund form.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

स्वगृहात् (svagṛhāt) - from one's own house, from one's home

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of svagṛha

svagṛha - one's own house/home

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+gṛha)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective (masculine)
• gṛha – house, home, dwelling
  noun (neuter)

निर्हरन्ति (nirharanti) - they carry out, they take away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of nis-hṛ

Prefix: nis

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that (son) (him, that (one))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, him, her, it

मुक्तकेशाः (muktakeśāḥ) - with dishevelled hair, having unbound hair

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muktakeśa

muktakeśa - having dishevelled hair, with unbound hair

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mukta+keśa)

• mukta – released, unbound, freed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muc
  Root: muc (class 6)
• keśa – hair (on the head)
  noun (masculine)

करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously, lamentably, sadly

(adverb)

रुदन्तः (rudantaḥ) - weeping, crying

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

From root rud

Root: rud (class 2)

चितामध्ये (citāmadhye) - in the middle of the funeral pyre, into the pyre

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of citāmadhya

citāmadhya - middle of the funeral pyre

Compound type : tatpurusha (citā+madhya)

• citā – funeral pyre
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - log, piece of wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, piece of wood, log, timber

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

क्षिपन्ति (kṣipanti) - they cast, they throw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of kṣip

Root: kṣip (class 6)