महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-40, verse-20

कामक्रोधग्राहवतीं पञ्चेन्द्रियजलां नदीम् ।
कृत्वा धृतिमयीं नावं जन्मदुर्गाणि संतर ॥२०॥

20. kāmakrodhagrāhavatīṁ pañcendriyajalāṁ nadīm ,
kṛtvā dhṛtimayīṁ nāvaṁ janmadurgāṇi saṁtara.

20. kāmakrodhagrāhavatīm pañcendriyajalām nadīm
| kṛtvā dhṛtimayīm nāvam janmadurgāṇi saṃtara

20. Make a boat of firmness (dhṛti) to cross the perilous obstacles of rebirth (saṃsāra), which are like a river teeming with the crocodiles of desire (kāma) and anger (krodha), and whose waters are the five senses (pañcendriya).

Words meanings summery:

• कामक्रोधग्राहवतीम् (kāmakrodhagrāhavatīm) - Describing the river as having desire and anger as its dangers. (possessing the crocodiles of desire and anger, having desire and anger as its crocodiles)

• पञ्चेन्द्रियजलाम् (pañcendriyajalām) - Describing the river as having the five senses as its 'water' (i.e., its constituent element). (whose water is the five senses, having the five senses as its water)

• नदीम् (nadīm) - The metaphorical river of worldly existence. (river)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - After making or by making. (having made, having done)

• धृतिमयीम् (dhṛtimayīm) - Describing the boat as composed of or characterized by firmness. (made of firmness, full of firmness)

• नावम् (nāvam) - The metaphorical boat used for crossing. (boat)

• जन्मदुर्गाणि (janmadurgāṇi) - The various hardships and dangers inherent in the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra). (obstacles of birth, difficulties of existence, perils of rebirth)

• संतर (saṁtara) - Imperative command to cross over the difficulties of existence. (cross over, overcome, navigate)

Words meanings and morphology

कामक्रोधग्राहवतीम् (kāmakrodhagrāhavatīm) - Describing the river as having desire and anger as its dangers. (possessing the crocodiles of desire and anger, having desire and anger as its crocodiles)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāmakrodhagrāhavat

kāmakrodhagrāhavat - containing the crocodiles of desire and anger

Derived from `kāmakrodhagrāha` + `vat` (possessive suffix).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+krodha+grāha)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• grāha – crocodile, grabber, grasping, seizure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Refers to the metaphorical river.

पञ्चेन्द्रियजलाम् (pañcendriyajalām) - Describing the river as having the five senses as its 'water' (i.e., its constituent element). (whose water is the five senses, having the five senses as its water)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pañcendriyajala

pañcendriyajala - having the five senses as its water

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañca+indriya+jala)

• pañca – five
  indeclinable
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the metaphorical river.

नदीम् (nadīm) - The metaphorical river of worldly existence. (river)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of `saṃtara` (cross).

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - After making or by making. (having made, having done)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Serves as a conjunctive participle.

धृतिमयीम् (dhṛtimayīm) - Describing the boat as composed of or characterized by firmness. (made of firmness, full of firmness)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhṛtimaya

dhṛtimaya - made of firmness, consisting of steadfastness

Derived from `dhṛti` + `maya` (suffix meaning 'made of').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛti)

• dhṛti – firmness, steadfastness, resolve, patience
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

नावम् (nāvam) - The metaphorical boat used for crossing. (boat)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

Accusative singular of `nau`.

Note: Object of `kṛtvā`.

जन्मदुर्गाणि (janmadurgāṇi) - The various hardships and dangers inherent in the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra). (obstacles of birth, difficulties of existence, perils of rebirth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of janmadurga

janmadurga - obstacles of birth, perils of existence, difficult births

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janman+durga)

• janman – birth, existence, origin, life
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• durga – fortress, difficulty, obstacle, dangerous place
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of `saṃtara`.

संतर (saṁtara) - Imperative command to cross over the difficulties of existence. (cross over, overcome, navigate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tṛ

Imperative, 2nd person singular

Formed with prefix `sam`.

Prefix: sam

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Command.