महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-40, verse-12

नित्यो धर्मः सुखदुःखे त्वनित्ये नित्यो जीवो धातुरस्य त्वनित्यः ।
त्यक्त्वानित्यं प्रतितिष्ठस्व नित्ये संतुष्य त्वं तोषपरो हि लाभः ॥१२॥

12. nityo dharmaḥ sukhaduḥkhe tvanitye; nityo jīvo dhāturasya tvanityaḥ ,
tyaktvānityaṁ pratitiṣṭhasva nitye; saṁtuṣya tvaṁ toṣaparo hi lābhaḥ.

12. nityaḥ dharmaḥ sukhaduḥkhe tu anitye
nityaḥ jīvaḥ dhātuḥ asya tu anityaḥ
tyaktvā anityam pratitiṣṭhasva
nitye santuṣya tvam toṣaparaḥ hi lābhaḥ

12. Natural law (dharma) is eternal, while happiness and sorrow are impermanent. The individual soul (jīva) is eternal, but its physical constitution (dhātu) is impermanent. Therefore, abandoning the impermanent, establish yourself in the eternal. Be content, for contentment is indeed the highest gain.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यः (nityaḥ) - eternal, permanent, constant

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law of existence (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• सुखदुःखे (sukhaduḥkhe) - happiness and sorrow

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• अनित्ये (anitye) - impermanent, transient

• नित्यः (nityaḥ) - eternal, permanent, constant

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - living being, soul, individual soul

• धातुः (dhātuḥ) - physical body or its constituent elements (element, constituent, root, body)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (soul), its (of this, its)

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• अनित्यः (anityaḥ) - impermanent, transient

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• अनित्यम् (anityam) - the impermanent, that which is transient

• प्रतितिष्ठस्व (pratitiṣṭhasva) - establish yourself, stand firm, reside

• नित्ये (nitye) - in the eternal, in the permanent

• सन्तुष्य (santuṣya) - be content, rejoice

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• तोषपरः (toṣaparaḥ) - devoted to contentment, whose highest aim is contentment

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• लाभः (lābhaḥ) - gain, acquisition, profit

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यः (nityaḥ) - eternal, permanent, constant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, permanent, constant, always existing

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - the natural law of existence (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, moral order, intrinsic nature

सुखदुःखे (sukhaduḥkhe) - happiness and sorrow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of sukhaduḥkha

sukhaduḥkha - happiness and sorrow, pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अनित्ये (anitye) - impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, perishable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• nitya – eternal, permanent
  adjective (masculine)

नित्यः (nityaḥ) - eternal, permanent, constant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, permanent, constant, always existing

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - living being, soul, individual soul

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - living being, soul, individual soul, life principle

धातुः (dhātuḥ) - physical body or its constituent elements (element, constituent, root, body)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhātu

dhātu - element, constituent, root (verb root), primary substance, body

अस्य (asya) - of this (soul), its (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अनित्यः (anityaḥ) - impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, perishable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• nitya – eternal, permanent
  adjective (masculine)

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund form.

अनित्यम् (anityam) - the impermanent, that which is transient

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, perishable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• nitya – eternal, permanent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'the impermanent'.

प्रतितिष्ठस्व (pratitiṣṭhasva) - establish yourself, stand firm, reside

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of prati-sthā

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

नित्ये (nitye) - in the eternal, in the permanent

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, permanent, constant, always existing

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'the eternal'.

सन्तुष्य (santuṣya) - be content, rejoice

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of sam-tuṣ

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

तोषपरः (toṣaparaḥ) - devoted to contentment, whose highest aim is contentment

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of toṣapara

toṣapara - whose highest aim is contentment, devoted to satisfaction

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (toṣa+para)

• toṣa – contentment, satisfaction
  noun (masculine)
• para – supreme, highest, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

लाभः (lābhaḥ) - gain, acquisition, profit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lābha

lābha - gain, acquisition, profit, advantage