महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-147, verse-30

पाण्डुस्तु राज्यं संप्राप्तः कनीयानपि सन्नृपः ।
विनाशे तस्य पुत्राणामिदं राज्यमरिंदम ।
मय्यभागिनि राज्याय कथं त्वं राज्यमिच्छसि ॥३०॥

30. pāṇḍustu rājyaṁ saṁprāptaḥ kanīyānapi sannṛpaḥ ,
vināśe tasya putrāṇāmidaṁ rājyamariṁdama ,
mayyabhāgini rājyāya kathaṁ tvaṁ rājyamicchasi.

30. Pāṇḍuḥ tu rājyam samprāptaḥ kanīyān
api san nṛpaḥ | vināśe tasya putrāṇām
idam rājyam arindama | mayi abhāgini
rājyāya katham tvam rājyam icchasi

30. arindama,
Pāṇḍuḥ tu kanīyān nṛpaḥ api san rājyam samprāptaḥ.
tasya putrāṇām vināśe idam rājyam (kim syāt)? mayi rājyāya abhāgini (sati),
tvam katham rājyam icchasi?

30. Pāṇḍu, though the younger king, certainly obtained the kingdom. O vanquisher of foes, what about this kingdom upon the destruction of his sons? When I am myself not entitled to the kingdom, how can you desire the kingdom?

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - King Pāṇḍu, father of the Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍu (name of the king))

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - obtained (obtained, gained, acquired)

• कनीयान् (kanīyān) - younger (younger, smaller)

• अपि (api) - although, even (also, even, although)

• सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king (king, ruler)

• विनाशे (vināśe) - upon the destruction (in the destruction, in the perishing, in the absence)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (of Pāṇḍu) (his, of him, of that)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of (his) sons (of sons, of children)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• अरिन्दम (arindama) - O vanquisher of foes (epithet for Duryodhana) (vanquisher of foes, subjugator of enemies)

• मयि (mayi) - when I am (locative absolute construction) (in me, on me, with me, when I am)

• अभागिनि (abhāgini) - not entitled (not sharing, having no share, not entitled)

• राज्याय (rājyāya) - for the kingdom, to rule (for the kingdom, for sovereignty)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire (you desire, you wish)

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - King Pāṇḍu, father of the Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍu (name of the king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Pāṇḍu

Pāṇḍu - name of a king

तु (tu) - indeed (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

from rājan (king) + ya (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Can also be nominative singular. Here, object of 'samprāptaḥ'.

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - obtained (obtained, gained, acquired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - obtained, reached, acquired

Past Passive Participle

from root √āp (to obtain) with prefixes sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Used as an adjective modifying Pāṇḍuḥ.

कनीयान् (kanīyān) - younger (younger, smaller)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kanīyas

kanīyas - younger, smaller

comparative degree of yuvan (young)

Note: Modifies nṛpaḥ.

अपि (api) - although, even (also, even, although)

(indeclinable)

सन् (san) - being (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle

from root √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used adverbially with api.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound: nṛ + √pā (to protect), 'protector of men'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, drinker
  noun (masculine)
  from √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

विनाशे (vināśe) - upon the destruction (in the destruction, in the perishing, in the absence)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, perishing, loss

from root √naś (to perish) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Expresses 'when/if destruction occurs'.

तस्य (tasya) - his (of Pāṇḍu) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Pāṇḍu.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of (his) sons (of sons, of children)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, now

Note: Refers to rājyam.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

from rājan (king) + ya (abstract noun suffix)

अरिन्दम (arindama) - O vanquisher of foes (epithet for Duryodhana) (vanquisher of foes, subjugator of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arindama

arindama - vanquisher of foes, subjugator of enemies

Compound: ari + dama, 'taming enemies'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – taming, subduing, self-restraint
  noun (masculine)
  from root √dam (to tame, subdue)
  Root: dam (class 4)

मयि (mayi) - when I am (locative absolute construction) (in me, on me, with me, when I am)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

अभागिनि (abhāgini) - not entitled (not sharing, having no share, not entitled)

(adjective)

Locative, singular of abhāgin

abhāgin - not sharing, having no share, not entitled

Negative compound: a- + bhāgin (sharing)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāgin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• bhāgin – sharing, possessing, entitled to
  adjective (masculine)
  from bhāga (share) + in (suffix)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies mayi (asmad locative). Dhritarashtra is stating his own disqualification.

राज्याय (rājyāya) - for the kingdom, to rule (for the kingdom, for sovereignty)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

from rājan (king) + ya (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Expresses purpose or entitlement.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

त्वम् (tvam) - you (singular) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

from rājan (king) + ya (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Object of icchasi.

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you desire (you desire, you wish)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √iṣ

Present indicative, 2nd person singular

from root √iṣ (class 6)

Root: iṣ (class 6)