महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-147, verse-1

वासुदेव उवाच ।
एवमुक्ते तु गान्धार्या धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वरः ।
दुर्योधनमुवाचेदं नृपमध्ये जनाधिप ॥१॥

1. vāsudeva uvāca ,
evamukte tu gāndhāryā dhṛtarāṣṭro janeśvaraḥ ,
duryodhanamuvācedaṁ nṛpamadhye janādhipa.

1. vāsudeva uvāca | evam ukte tu gāndhāryā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
janeśvaraḥ duryodhanam uvāca idam nṛpamadhye janādhipa

1. vāsudeva uvāca: gāndhāryā evam ukte tu,
janeśvaraḥ janādhipaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ nṛpamadhye idam duryodhanam uvāca.

1. Vasudeva said: When this had thus been spoken by Gandhari, Dhritarashtra, the lord of men and ruler of people, said this to Duryodhana in the midst of the kings.

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Vasudeva (Lord Krishna, as the narrator in this section of Mahabharata) (Vasudeva (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्ते (ukte) - having been said, when it was said

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• गान्धार्या (gāndhāryā) - by Gandhari

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• जनेश्वरः (janeśvaraḥ) - lord of men, king

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इदम् (idam) - this, these (words)

• नृपमध्ये (nṛpamadhye) - in the midst of kings, among kings

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - lord of people (referring to Dhritarashtra) (lord of people, ruler of men)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Vasudeva (Lord Krishna, as the narrator in this section of Mahabharata) (Vasudeva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva (Krishna)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्ते (ukte) - having been said, when it was said

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction: 'evam ukte' = 'when this had been said'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

गान्धार्या (gāndhāryā) - by Gandhari

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gandhari (proper name, wife of Dhritarashtra)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name, 'he who holds the kingdom')

जनेश्वरः (janeśvaraḥ) - lord of men, king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king (jana + īśvara)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – man, person, people
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, 'hard to fight')

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this, these (words)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the words that follow, spoken by Dhritarashtra.

नृपमध्ये (nṛpamadhye) - in the midst of kings, among kings

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nṛpamadhya

nṛpamadhya - in the midst of kings (nṛpa + madhya)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+madhya)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - lord of people (referring to Dhritarashtra) (lord of people, ruler of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of people, king (jana + adhipa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – man, person, people
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)