महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-142, verse-25

योऽसौ कानीनगर्भो मे पुत्रवत्परिवर्तितः ।
कस्मान्न कुर्याद्वचनं पथ्यं भ्रातृहितं तथा ॥२५॥

25. yo'sau kānīnagarbho me putravatparivartitaḥ ,
kasmānna kuryādvacanaṁ pathyaṁ bhrātṛhitaṁ tathā.

25. yaḥ asau kānīnagarbhaḥ me putravat parivartitaḥ
kasmāt na kuryāt vacanam pathyam bhrātṛhitam tathā

25. me kānīnagarbhaḥ yaḥ asau putravat parivartitaḥ,
kasmāt na bhrātṛhitam pathyam vacanam tathā kuryāt?

25. Why would he, my son born of a maiden (Kārṇa), who was raised as a son, not heed my beneficial advice, which is also for the welfare of his brothers?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

• असौ (asau) - that one (referring to Kārṇa) (that one, he)

• कानीनगर्भः (kānīnagarbhaḥ) - Kārṇa, son born to Kuntī before her marriage (born of an unmarried girl; having the womb of a maiden)

• मे (me) - my (to me, my, for me)

• पुत्रवत् (putravat) - treated as a son (like a son, as a son)

• परिवर्तितः (parivartitaḥ) - raised, brought up, treated (changed, transformed, moved around, treated, raised)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what, on what account)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would heed (lit. 'would do') (should do, would do, might do, should make)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - advice (word, speech, advice, command)

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - wholesome, beneficial (wholesome, salutary, beneficial, suitable)

• भ्रातृहितम् (bhrātṛhitam) - beneficial to his (Kārṇa's) brothers (beneficial to brothers, welfare of brothers)

• तथा (tathā) - also, so (thus, so, in that manner)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun

असौ (asau) - that one (referring to Kārṇa) (that one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one (more remote than tad)

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

कानीनगर्भः (kānīnagarbhaḥ) - Kārṇa, son born to Kuntī before her marriage (born of an unmarried girl; having the womb of a maiden)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kānīnagarbha

kānīnagarbha - born of an unmarried girl, son of an unmarried girl

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kānīna+garbha)

• kānīna – of an unmarried girl, born of a maiden
  adjective
• garbha – womb, embryo, offspring
  noun (masculine)

मे (me) - my (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of mad (first person pronoun)

पुत्रवत् (putravat) - treated as a son (like a son, as a son)

(indeclinable)

suffix -vat

परिवर्तितः (parivartitaḥ) - raised, brought up, treated (changed, transformed, moved around, treated, raised)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivartita

parivartita - turned, revolved, changed, transformed, treated, raised

Past Passive Participle

From verb root vṛt with prefix pari, suffix kta (ta)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Describes 'kānīnagarbhaḥ'

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what, on what account)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would heed (lit. 'would do') (should do, would do, might do, should make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वचनम् (vacanam) - advice (word, speech, advice, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, speech, advice, command

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kuryāt'

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - wholesome, beneficial (wholesome, salutary, beneficial, suitable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - wholesome, salutary, beneficial, suitable, customary

Gerundive

From root path with suffix yat

Root: path (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'

भ्रातृहितम् (bhrātṛhitam) - beneficial to his (Kārṇa's) brothers (beneficial to brothers, welfare of brothers)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhrātṛhita

bhrātṛhita - beneficial to brothers, friendly to brothers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhrātṛ+hita)

• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, salutary, good, welfare
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā to place/put, in the sense of 'what is well-placed/good'
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'

तथा (tathā) - also, so (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)