महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-142, verse-15

नाचार्यः कामवाञ्शिष्यैर्द्रोणो युध्येत जातु चित् ।
पाण्डवेषु कथं हार्दं कुर्यान्न च पितामहः ॥१५॥

15. nācāryaḥ kāmavāñśiṣyairdroṇo yudhyeta jātu cit ,
pāṇḍaveṣu kathaṁ hārdaṁ kuryānna ca pitāmahaḥ.

15. na ācāryaḥ kāmavān śiṣyaiḥ droṇaḥ yudhyeta jātu
cit pāṇḍaveṣu kathaṃ hārdaṃ kuryāt na ca pitāmahaḥ

15. ācāryaḥ droṇaḥ kāmavān śiṣyaiḥ jātu cit na yudhyeta
kathaṃ pāṇḍaveṣu hārdaṃ na kuryāt ca pitāmahaḥ na

15. The preceptor Droṇa would certainly never fight his pupils with malicious intent. How could he not hold affection (hārda) for the Pāṇḍavas? And neither could the grandfather (Bhīṣma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - negation (not, no)

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Droṇa, the preceptor (teacher, preceptor)

• कामवान् (kāmavān) - having hostile or malicious intent (desirous, having desire, lustful)

• शिष्यैः (śiṣyaiḥ) - with his own students (the Pāṇḍavas) (by/with pupils, disciples)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Dronācārya (Droṇa (proper name))

• युध्येत (yudhyeta) - he would engage in combat (he would fight, he should fight)

• जातु (jātu) - ever (ever, at any time)

• चित् (cit) - emphasizing 'ever' (jātu) in a strong negation ('never at all') (indeed, even, at all (particle for emphasis))

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - towards the Pāṇḍavas (among the Pāṇḍavas, regarding the Pāṇḍavas)

• कथं (kathaṁ) - serving as a rhetorical question, implying impossibility of the opposite (how? in what way?)

• हार्दं (hārdaṁ) - deep-seated affection and goodwill (affection, love, tenderness, intimacy)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he would harbor (affection) (he would do, he should do, he would make)

• न (na) - negation, part of rhetorical question (not, no)

• च (ca) - connecting the grandfather to the previous statement (and)

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Grandfather Bhīṣma (grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - negation (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Droṇa, the preceptor (teacher, preceptor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, master

From 'ā-car' (to lead, to practice) + 'ya' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

कामवान् (kāmavān) - having hostile or malicious intent (desirous, having desire, lustful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmavat

kāmavat - desirous, lustful, having desire

Possessive suffix '-vat' added to 'kāma' (desire).

Note: Qualifies 'ācāryaḥ droṇaḥ'.

शिष्यैः (śiṣyaiḥ) - with his own students (the Pāṇḍavas) (by/with pupils, disciples)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - pupil, student, disciple, learner

Gerundive

From root 'śās' (to teach, to rule) with '-ya' suffix, meaning 'one to be taught'.

Root: śās (class 2)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Dronācārya (Droṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - name of a famous preceptor in the Mahābhārata, a measure of grain, a bucket

युध्येत (yudhyeta) - he would engage in combat (he would fight, he should fight)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yudh

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Optative form (Ātmanepada) of the root 'yudh'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

जातु (jātu) - ever (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - emphasizing 'ever' (jātu) in a strong negation ('never at all') (indeed, even, at all (particle for emphasis))

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - towards the Pāṇḍavas (among the Pāṇḍavas, regarding the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Taddhita (patronymic) derivation from 'Pāṇḍu'.

कथं (kathaṁ) - serving as a rhetorical question, implying impossibility of the opposite (how? in what way?)

(indeclinable)

From 'kim' (what) + 'thā' (manner) suffix.

हार्दं (hārdaṁ) - deep-seated affection and goodwill (affection, love, tenderness, intimacy)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hārda

hārda - pertaining to the heart; affection, love, intimacy, friendship

From 'hṛd' (heart) with an 'aṇ' suffix indicating 'pertaining to'.

Root: hṛd

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he would harbor (affection) (he would do, he should do, he would make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Optative form (Parasmaipada) of the root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - negation, part of rhetorical question (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - connecting the grandfather to the previous statement (and)

(indeclinable)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Grandfather Bhīṣma (grandfather)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, paternal grandfather

Compound of 'pitṛ' (father) and 'maha' (great).