महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-142, verse-14

पितामहः शांतनव आचार्यश्च युधां पतिः ।
कर्णश्च धार्तराष्ट्रार्थं वर्धयन्ति भयं मम ॥१४॥

14. pitāmahaḥ śāṁtanava ācāryaśca yudhāṁ patiḥ ,
karṇaśca dhārtarāṣṭrārthaṁ vardhayanti bhayaṁ mama.

14. pitāmahaḥ śāntanavaḥ ācāryaḥ ca yudhāṃ patiḥ karṇaḥ
ca dhārtarāṣṭrārthaṃ vardhayanti bhayaṃ mama

14. pitāmahaḥ śāntanavaḥ ācāryaḥ ca yudhāṃ patiḥ karṇaḥ
ca dhārtarāṣṭrārthaṃ mama bhayaṃ vardhayanti

14. Grandfather Bhīṣma, the son of Śantanu, and the preceptor (ācārya) who is the lord of warriors, and Karṇa—they all increase my fear for the sake of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons.

Words meanings summery:

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Grandfather Bhīṣma (grandfather)

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, the son of King Śantanu (son of Śantanu)

• आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Dronācārya, the preceptor of martial arts (teacher, preceptor, master)

• च (ca) - connecting the previous and next nouns (and)

• युधां (yudhāṁ) - of warriors (in the context of Droṇa as their lord) (of battles, of warriors)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - commander, leader (lord, master, husband)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - The warrior Karṇa (Karṇa (proper name))

• च (ca) - connecting Karṇa to the list of persons (and)

• धार्तराष्ट्रार्थं (dhārtarāṣṭrārthaṁ) - supporting Duryodhana and his brothers (for the sake of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons)

• वर्धयन्ति (vardhayanti) - they intensify or aggravate (they increase, they cause to grow)

• भयं (bhayaṁ) - my apprehension and dread (fear, dread, terror)

• मम (mama) - my (fear) (my, of me)

Words meanings and morphology

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Grandfather Bhīṣma (grandfather)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, paternal grandfather

Compound of 'pitṛ' (father) and 'maha' (great).

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, the son of King Śantanu (son of Śantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Śantanu, son of Śantanu

Taddhita (patronymic) derivation from 'Śantanu' with suffix 'aṇ'.

आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - Dronācārya, the preceptor of martial arts (teacher, preceptor, master)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, master

From 'ā-car' (to lead, to practice) + 'ya' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - connecting the previous and next nouns (and)

(indeclinable)

युधां (yudhāṁ) - of warriors (in the context of Droṇa as their lord) (of battles, of warriors)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war; also a warrior (as a feminine noun)

Genitive plural of the feminine noun 'yudh'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

पतिः (patiḥ) - commander, leader (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, owner, husband, protector

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - The warrior Karṇa (Karṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - name of a famous warrior, son of Sūrya and Kuntī

च (ca) - connecting Karṇa to the list of persons (and)

(indeclinable)

धार्तराष्ट्रार्थं (dhārtarāṣṭrārthaṁ) - supporting Duryodhana and his brothers (for the sake of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭrārtha

dhārtarāṣṭrārtha - for the sake of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Compound of 'Dhārtarāṣṭra' (descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) and 'artha' (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhārtarāṣṭra+artha)

• dhārtarāṣṭra – son/descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
  proper noun (masculine)
  Taddhita (patronymic) derivation from 'Dhṛtarāṣṭra'.
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

वर्धयन्ति (vardhayanti) - they intensify or aggravate (they increase, they cause to grow)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Present Tense, Causative Stem, 3rd Person, Plural

From the root 'vṛdh', with the causative suffix '-ayā-'.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

भयं (bhayaṁ) - my apprehension and dread (fear, dread, terror)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror, alarm

From root 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

मम (mama) - my (fear) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Genitive singular form of the first person pronoun 'asmad'.