महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-142, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
असिद्धानुनये कृष्णे कुरुभ्यः पाण्डवान्गते ।
अभिगम्य पृथां क्षत्ता शनैः शोचन्निवाब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
asiddhānunaye kṛṣṇe kurubhyaḥ pāṇḍavāngate ,
abhigamya pṛthāṁ kṣattā śanaiḥ śocannivābravīt.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca asiddha anunaye kṛṣṇe kurubhyaḥ pāṇḍavān
gate abhigamya pṛthām kṣattā śanaiḥ śocan iva abravīt

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca kṛṣṇe kurubhyaḥ pāṇḍavān gate asiddha
anunaye kṣattā pṛthām abhigamya śanaiḥ śocan iva abravīt

1. Vaiśampāyana said: When Kṛṣṇa returned to the Pāṇḍavas, his entreaty (anunaya) to the Kurus having been unsuccessful, Vidura (kṣattā) approached Pṛthā (Kuntī) and spoke slowly, as if grieving.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• असिद्ध (asiddha) - unsuccessful (unsuccessful, unaccomplished, unproven)

• अनुनये (anunaye) - entreaty, request (entreaty, supplication, request, conciliation)

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - when Kṛṣṇa (in Kṛṣṇa, when Kṛṣṇa)

• कुरुभ्यः (kurubhyaḥ) - from the Kurus (from the Kurus, to the Kurus)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (accusative plural))

• गते (gate) - having returned (gone, having gone, returned)

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

• पृथाम् (pṛthām) - Pṛthā (Kuntī) (Pṛthā (accusative singular))

• क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - Vidura (charioteer, attendant, doorkeeper, Vidura)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gently, gradually)

• शोचन् (śocan) - grieving (grieving, lamenting)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root √vac (to speak), perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

असिद्ध (asiddha) - unsuccessful (unsuccessful, unaccomplished, unproven)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of asiddha

asiddha - unaccomplished, unsuccessful, not proven

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the negative prefix 'a-' and the root √sidh (to succeed, be accomplished) + kta suffix.

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+siddha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• siddha – accomplished, successful, proven
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √sidh (to succeed, accomplish) + kta suffix
  Root: sidh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'anunaye'.

अनुनये (anunaye) - entreaty, request (entreaty, supplication, request, conciliation)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anunaya

anunaya - conciliation, entreaty, persuasion, supplication

From anu- + √nī (to lead)

Prefix: anu

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'kṛṣṇe' and 'gate'.

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - when Kṛṣṇa (in Kṛṣṇa, when Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa, dark, black

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

कुरुभ्यः (kurubhyaḥ) - from the Kurus (from the Kurus, to the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (ancestor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas), descendant of Kuru, the Kauravas

Note: Denotes separation from.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (accusative plural))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of a king) + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: Object of 'gate' (implied 'having gone to').

गते (gate) - having returned (gone, having gone, returned)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained, known

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) + kta suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛṣṇe'. Part of a locative absolute construction.

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefix abhi- + root √gam (to go) + ya suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

पृथाम् (pṛthām) - Pṛthā (Kuntī) (Pṛthā (accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthā

pṛthā - Pṛthā (another name for Kuntī, mother of Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Object of 'abhigamya'.

क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - Vidura (charioteer, attendant, doorkeeper, Vidura)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, attendant, doorkeeper, a man of mixed caste, Vidura

Agent noun from √kṣad or √kṣi

Root: kṣattṛ

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gently, gradually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form, from śana (slow).

Note: Adverb modifying 'abravīt'.

शोचन् (śocan) - grieving (grieving, lamenting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śocat

śocat - grieving, lamenting, sorrowing

Present Active Participle

From root √śuc (to grieve, sorrow) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kṣattā'.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison or likelihood.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root √brū (to speak), imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: brū (class 2)