महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-102, verse-27

कण्व उवाच ।
प्रादाच्छक्रस्ततस्तस्मै पन्नगायायुरुत्तमम् ।
न त्वेनममृतप्राशं चकार बलवृत्रहा ॥२७॥

27. kaṇva uvāca ,
prādācchakrastatastasmai pannagāyāyuruttamam ,
na tvenamamṛtaprāśaṁ cakāra balavṛtrahā.

27. kaṇvaḥ uvāca prādāt śakraḥ tataḥ tasmai pannagāya āyuḥ
uttamam na tu enam amṛtaprāśam cakāra balavṛtrahā

27. Kaṇva said, "Then Indra granted the serpent long life. However, the slayer of Bala and Vṛtra did not make him an immortal (amṛtaprāśam)."

Words meanings summery:

• कण्वः (kaṇvaḥ) - The sage Kaṇva (Kaṇva (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Kaṇva said (he said, spoke)

• प्रादात् (prādāt) - Indra granted (he gave, bestowed)

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - The deity Indra (Indra, powerful one)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating sequence, 'then' (then, from there, therefore)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - To the serpent (pannaga) (to him, for him)

• पन्नगाय (pannagāya) - To the specific serpent involved in the narrative (to the serpent)

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - Life, in the sense of a prolonged existence (life, longevity, duration of life)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - Long or excellent (referring to life) (excellent, best, supreme)

• न (na) - Negation of the verb (not, no)

• तु (tu) - Introduces a contrasting statement (but, however, on the other hand)

• एनम् (enam) - Refers to the serpent (him, this one)

• अमृतप्राशम् (amṛtaprāśam) - Immortal, one who has consumed (amṛta) (one who drinks immortality, immortal)

• चकार (cakāra) - He did not make (the serpent) immortal (he made, did)

• बलवृत्रहा (balavṛtrahā) - Indra, known for slaying the demons Bala and Vṛtra (killer of Bala and Vṛtra (Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

कण्वः (kaṇvaḥ) - The sage Kaṇva (Kaṇva (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṇva

kaṇva - Name of an ancient sage

उवाच (uvāca) - Kaṇva said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

Root vac (2nd class), 3rd person singular active perfect. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रादात् (prādāt) - Indra granted (he gave, bestowed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist past (luṅ) of dā

aorist active

Root dā (3rd class) with prefix pra-, 3rd person singular active aorist. Augmented with a-.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - The deity Indra (Indra, powerful one)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, mighty

From root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

ततः (tataḥ) - Indicating sequence, 'then' (then, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad

तस्मै (tasmai) - To the serpent (pannaga) (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the serpent.

पन्नगाय (pannagāya) - To the specific serpent involved in the narrative (to the serpent)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (moving with its belly)

Compound: panna (fallen, moved) + ga (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (panna+ga)

• panna – fallen, descended, moved
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root pad (to go, fall)
  Root: pad (class 4)
• ga – going, moving, relating to movement
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix ḍa from root gam
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

आयुः (āyuḥ) - Life, in the sense of a prolonged existence (life, longevity, duration of life)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, duration of life, longevity, vitality

Note: Object of 'prādāt'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - Long or excellent (referring to life) (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative of ud

Note: Agrees with 'āyuḥ'.

न (na) - Negation of the verb (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation

तु (tu) - Introduces a contrasting statement (but, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast

एनम् (enam) - Refers to the serpent (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (pronoun, demonstrative)

अमृतप्राशम् (amṛtaprāśam) - Immortal, one who has consumed (amṛta) (one who drinks immortality, immortal)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amṛtaprāśa

amṛtaprāśa - drinker of immortality (amṛta), immortal, one who has tasted amṛta

Compound amṛta (immortality) + prāśa (one who eats/drinks)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amṛta+prāśa)

• amṛta – immortality, nectar, undying
  noun (neuter)
  a-mṛta (not dead), past passive participle of mṛ
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• prāśa – eating, drinking, food
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-aś (to eat, consume)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Complement to 'cakāra'.

चकार (cakāra) - He did not make (the serpent) immortal (he made, did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of kṛ

perfect active

Root kṛ (8th class), 3rd person singular active perfect. Reduplicated.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बलवृत्रहा (balavṛtrahā) - Indra, known for slaying the demons Bala and Vṛtra (killer of Bala and Vṛtra (Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavṛtrahan

balavṛtrahan - killer of Bala and Vṛtra, an epithet of Indra

Compound bala (name of a demon) + vṛtra (name of a demon) + han (killer)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (bala+vṛtra+han)

• bala – strength, power, name of a demon
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛtra – Vṛtra, name of a demon (often depicted as a serpent or dragon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Indra.