महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-72, verse-17

केशिन्युवाच ।
योऽसावयोध्यां प्रथमं गतवान्ब्राह्मणस्तदा ।
इमानि नारीवाक्यानि कथयानः पुनः पुनः ॥१७॥

17. keśinyuvāca ,
yo'sāvayodhyāṁ prathamaṁ gatavānbrāhmaṇastadā ,
imāni nārīvākyāni kathayānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ.

17. keśini uvāca | yaḥ asau ayodhyām prathamam gatavān
brāhmaṇaḥ tadā | imāni nārīvākyāni kathayānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ

17. Keśinī said: "The Brahmin who first went to Ayodhyā at that time, repeatedly spoke these words, which were a woman's message."

Words meanings summery:

• केशिनि (keśini) - The maid of Damayantī. (Keśinī)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - Refers to the Brahmin. (who, which)

• असौ (asau) - Refers to the Brahmin, linking yaḥ to brāhmaṇaḥ. (that (one), he)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - The city of Ayodhyā. (Ayodhyā)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - Indicating the initial destination of the Brahmin messenger. (first, at first)

• गतवान् (gatavān) - The Brahmin who performed the action of going. (had gone, went)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - The messenger sent by Damayantī. (Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

• तदा (tadā) - Refers to the time when the Brahmin was sent. (then, at that time)

• इमानि (imāni) - Referring to the "words of a woman" that follow. (these)

• नारीवाक्यानि (nārīvākyāni) - The message Damayantī sent through the Brahmin. (words of a woman, woman's statements)

• कथयानः (kathayānaḥ) - The Brahmin was repeatedly telling these words. (narrating, telling, speaking)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Emphasizes the repetition of the message. (again, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Reinforces the repetition. (again, repeatedly)

Words meanings and morphology

केशिनि (keśini) - The maid of Damayantī. (Keśinī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of keśinī

keśinī - a proper name, specifically Damayantī's maid.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Formed from root vac (to speak), 3rd person singular, Perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - Refers to the Brahmin. (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

असौ (asau) - Refers to the Brahmin, linking yaḥ to brāhmaṇaḥ. (that (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one (more distant or distinct)

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - The city of Ayodhyā. (Ayodhyā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhyā (the capital city of Kosala, associated with Rama)

Note: Indicates destination of motion.

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - Indicating the initial destination of the Brahmin messenger. (first, at first)

(indeclinable)

Root: prath

Note: Functions as an adverb "firstly".

गतवान् (gatavān) - The Brahmin who performed the action of going. (had gone, went)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatavat

gatavat - having gone, who has gone

Past Active Participle

Formed from root gam (to go) with the suffix ktavat(u).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇaḥ.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - The messenger sent by Damayantī. (Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class; related to Brahman

Root: bṛh

तदा (tadā) - Refers to the time when the Brahmin was sent. (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from pronominal base 'tad'.

इमानि (imāni) - Referring to the "words of a woman" that follow. (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative plural.

नारीवाक्यानि (nārīvākyāni) - The message Damayantī sent through the Brahmin. (words of a woman, woman's statements)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nārīvākya

nārīvākya - words of a woman, woman's statements

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nārī+vākya)

• nārī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nṛ
• vākya – word, speech, sentence, statement
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

कथयानः (kathayānaḥ) - The Brahmin was repeatedly telling these words. (narrating, telling, speaking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathayāna

kathayāna - narrating, telling, speaking

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

From causal stem of root kath (to tell), with śānac suffix. Masculine nominative singular.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇaḥ.

पुनः (punaḥ) - Emphasizes the repetition of the message. (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - Reinforces the repetition. (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)