महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-8

तं दृष्ट्वावस्थितं संख्ये हरयः पवनात्मजम् ।
वेगेन महता राजन्संन्यवर्तन्त सर्वशः ॥८॥

8. taṁ dṛṣṭvāvasthitaṁ saṁkhye harayaḥ pavanātmajam ,
vegena mahatā rājansaṁnyavartanta sarvaśaḥ.

8. tam dṛṣṭvā avasthitam saṃkhye harayaḥ pavana-ātmajam
vegena mahatā rājan sam-ni-avartanta sarvaśaḥ

8. O King, having seen Hanuman (pavanātmaja), the son of the wind, standing firm in battle (saṃkhye), the monkeys (harayaḥ) rallied completely with great speed.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, positioned, firm, present

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in the engagement, in combat

• हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

• पवन-आत्मजम् (pavana-ātmajam) - son of the wind, Hanuman

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly, by force

• महता (mahatā) - great, mighty, intense

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• सम्-नि-अवर्तन्त (sam-ni-avartanta) - they turned back, they rallied, they returned

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, from all sides, everywhere

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, positioned, firm, present

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - standing, located, present, firm, stable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā with prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' and 'pavanātmajam'.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in the engagement, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, combat

हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, tawny, lion, Vishnu

पवन-आत्मजम् (pavana-ātmajam) - son of the wind, Hanuman

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pavana-ātmaja

pavana-ātmaja - son of the wind (a designation for Hanuman)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pavana+ātmaja)

• pavana – wind, air, Vayu (the wind deity)
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, daughter, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly, by force

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

महता (mahatā) - great, mighty, intense

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with 'vegena'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: An address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya in the Bhagavad Gita, or a similar narrative context here.

सम्-नि-अवर्तन्त (sam-ni-avartanta) - they turned back, they rallied, they returned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect tense, Middle voice, 3rd person plural with prefixes

Root vṛt (class 1, ātmanepada) with sam + ni.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' with the suffix '-śas'.