महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-8

तं दृष्ट्वावस्थितं संख्ये हरयः पवनात्मजम् ।
वेगेन महता राजन्संन्यवर्तन्त सर्वशः ॥८॥

8. taṁ dṛṣṭvāvasthitaṁ saṁkhye harayaḥ pavanātmajam ,
vegena mahatā rājansaṁnyavartanta sarvaśaḥ.

8. tam dṛṣṭvā avasthitam saṃkhye harayaḥ pavana-ātmajam
vegena mahatā rājan sam-ni-avartanta sarvaśaḥ

8. O King, having seen Hanuman (pavanātmaja), the son of the wind, standing firm in battle (saṃkhye), the monkeys (harayaḥ) rallied completely with great speed.

8. כשראו הקופים את בן הרוח עומד בקרב, הו מלך, שבו כולם במהירות רבה.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, positioned, firm, present

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in the engagement, in combat

• हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

• पवन-आत्मजम् (pavana-ātmajam) - son of the wind, Hanuman

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly, by force

• महता (mahatā) - great, mighty, intense

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• सम्-नि-अवर्तन्त (sam-ni-avartanta) - they turned back, they rallied, they returned

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, from all sides, everywhere

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing, positioned, firm, present

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - standing, located, present, firm, stable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā with prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' and 'pavanātmajam'.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in the engagement, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, combat

हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, tawny, lion, Vishnu

पवन-आत्मजम् (pavana-ātmajam) - son of the wind, Hanuman

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pavana-ātmaja

pavana-ātmaja - son of the wind (a designation for Hanuman)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pavana+ātmaja)

• pavana – wind, air, Vayu (the wind deity)
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, daughter, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, quickly, by force

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

महता (mahatā) - great, mighty, intense

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with 'vegena'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: An address to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya in the Bhagavad Gita, or a similar narrative context here.

सम्-नि-अवर्तन्त (sam-ni-avartanta) - they turned back, they rallied, they returned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect tense, Middle voice, 3rd person plural with prefixes

Root vṛt (class 1, ātmanepada) with sam + ni.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely, entirely, from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' with the suffix '-śas'.

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