महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-22

धन्योऽसि यस्य ते निद्रा कुम्भकर्णेयमीदृशी ।
य इमं दारुणं कालं न जानीषे महाभयम् ॥२२॥

22. dhanyo'si yasya te nidrā kumbhakarṇeyamīdṛśī ,
ya imaṁ dāruṇaṁ kālaṁ na jānīṣe mahābhayam.

22. dhanyaḥ asi yasya te nidrā kumbhakarṇa iyam
īdṛśī yaḥ imam dāruṇam kālam na jānīṣe mahābhayam

22. “Fortunate are you, O Kumbhakarna, whose sleep is of such a nature that you are unaware of this dreadful and greatly perilous time.”

Words meanings summery:

• धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - fortunate (fortunate, blessed, happy)

• असि (asi) - you are

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

• ते (te) - your (your, by you)

• निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep

• कुम्भकर्ण (kumbhakarṇa) - O Kumbhakarna

• इयम् (iyam) - this (sleep) (this (feminine))

• ईदृशी (īdṛśī) - such (sleep) (such, of this kind (feminine))

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Kumbhakarna, the implied subject of 'jānīṣe') (who, which)

• इमम् (imam) - this (this (masculine))

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, severe)

• कालम् (kālam) - time (time, season)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you are aware of (you know, you understand)

• महाभयम् (mahābhayam) - greatly perilous (describing the time) (great fear, great danger, very frightful)

Words meanings and morphology

धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - fortunate (fortunate, blessed, happy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanya

dhanya - fortunate, blessed, wealthy

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'you' (tvam).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to Kumbhakarna.

ते (te) - your (your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, refers to nidrā.

निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nidrā

nidrā - sleep

Note: Subject of an implied verb (e.g., "is").

कुम्भकर्ण (kumbhakarṇa) - O Kumbhakarna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna (proper noun, name of Ravana's brother)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Term of address.

इयम् (iyam) - this (sleep) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with nidrā.

ईदृशी (īdṛśī) - such (sleep) (such, of this kind (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of īdṛś

īdṛś - such, of this kind

Note: Agrees with nidrā.

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Kumbhakarna, the implied subject of 'jānīṣe') (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, referring to the implicit 'tvam' (you).

इमम् (imam) - this (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Object of jānīṣe, refers to kālam.

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, severe)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, harsh, severe

Note: Agrees with kālam.

कालम् (kālam) - time (time, season)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, death

Note: Object of jānīṣe.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb jānīṣe.

जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you are aware of (you know, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Ātmanepada form.

महाभयम् (mahābhayam) - greatly perilous (describing the time) (great fear, great danger, very frightful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear, great danger, very frightful

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+bhaya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• bhaya – fear, danger
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agrees with kālam.