महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-10

तस्मिन्प्रवृत्ते संग्रामे घोरे रुधिरकर्दमे ।
धूम्राक्षः कपिसैन्यं तद्द्रावयामास पत्रिभिः ॥१०॥

10. tasminpravṛtte saṁgrāme ghore rudhirakardame ,
dhūmrākṣaḥ kapisainyaṁ taddrāvayāmāsa patribhiḥ.

10. tasmin pravṛtte saṃgrāme ghore rudhira-kardame
dhūmrākṣaḥ kapi-sainyaṃ tat drāvayāmāsa patribhiḥ

10. When that terrible battle (saṃgrāma) began, becoming a mire of blood (rudhirakardame), Dhumraksha (Dhūmrākṣaḥ) put that monkey army (kapisainyam) to flight with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having begun, commenced, occurred, raging

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in the war

• घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• रुधिर-कर्दमे (rudhira-kardame) - in the mud of blood, in the bloody mire

• धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - Dhumraksha

• कपि-सैन्यं (kapi-sainyaṁ) - monkey army

• तत् (tat) - that (army)

• द्रावयामास (drāvayāmāsa) - caused to flee, put to flight, chased away

• पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with arrows (lit. with winged ones)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'saṃgrāme'.

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having begun, commenced, occurred, raging

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, arisen, engaged in, acting, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃgrāme'.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in the war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat, conflict

घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce, awful

Note: Agrees with 'saṃgrāme'.

रुधिर-कर्दमे (rudhira-kardame) - in the mud of blood, in the bloody mire

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rudhira-kardama

rudhira-kardama - mud of blood, bloody mire

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rudhira+kardama)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)

Note: Implies the battle becoming a bloody quagmire.

धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - Dhumraksha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhūmrākṣa

dhūmrākṣa - Dhumraksha (a name, meaning 'smoky-eyed', often referring to a demon)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dhūmra+akṣa)

• dhūmra – smoke, smoky, grey, dun-colored
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

कपि-सैन्यं (kapi-sainyaṁ) - monkey army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kapi-sainya

kapi-sainya - monkey army, host of monkeys

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kapi+sainya)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host, forces
  noun (neuter)

तत् (tat) - that (army)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'kapi-sainyam'.

द्रावयामास (drāvayāmāsa) - caused to flee, put to flight, chased away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of drāvayāmāsa

Perfect tense, Active voice, 3rd person singular (causative)

Periphrastic perfect of the causative stem 'drāvaya' from root dru.

Root: dru (class 1)

पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with arrows (lit. with winged ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patrin

patrin - winged, bird, arrow