महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-10

तस्मिन्प्रवृत्ते संग्रामे घोरे रुधिरकर्दमे ।
धूम्राक्षः कपिसैन्यं तद्द्रावयामास पत्रिभिः ॥१०॥

10. tasminpravṛtte saṁgrāme ghore rudhirakardame ,
dhūmrākṣaḥ kapisainyaṁ taddrāvayāmāsa patribhiḥ.

10. tasmin pravṛtte saṃgrāme ghore rudhira-kardame
dhūmrākṣaḥ kapi-sainyaṃ tat drāvayāmāsa patribhiḥ

10. When that terrible battle (saṃgrāma) began, becoming a mire of blood (rudhirakardame), Dhumraksha (Dhūmrākṣaḥ) put that monkey army (kapisainyam) to flight with arrows.

10. כשהתחיל הקרב הנורא ההוא, שהיה בוץ של דם, גרם דְהוּמְרָאקְשַׁה לצבא הקופים לברוח בחיצים.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having begun, commenced, occurred, raging

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in the war

• घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• रुधिर-कर्दमे (rudhira-kardame) - in the mud of blood, in the bloody mire

• धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - Dhumraksha

• कपि-सैन्यं (kapi-sainyaṁ) - monkey army

• तत् (tat) - that (army)

• द्रावयामास (drāvayāmāsa) - caused to flee, put to flight, chased away

• पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with arrows (lit. with winged ones)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'saṃgrāme'.

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having begun, commenced, occurred, raging

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, arisen, engaged in, acting, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃgrāme'.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in the war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat, conflict

घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce, awful

Note: Agrees with 'saṃgrāme'.

रुधिर-कर्दमे (rudhira-kardame) - in the mud of blood, in the bloody mire

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rudhira-kardama

rudhira-kardama - mud of blood, bloody mire

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rudhira+kardama)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)

Note: Implies the battle becoming a bloody quagmire.

धूम्राक्षः (dhūmrākṣaḥ) - Dhumraksha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhūmrākṣa

dhūmrākṣa - Dhumraksha (a name, meaning 'smoky-eyed', often referring to a demon)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dhūmra+akṣa)

• dhūmra – smoke, smoky, grey, dun-colored
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

कपि-सैन्यं (kapi-sainyaṁ) - monkey army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kapi-sainya

kapi-sainya - monkey army, host of monkeys

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kapi+sainya)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host, forces
  noun (neuter)

तत् (tat) - that (army)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'kapi-sainyam'.

द्रावयामास (drāvayāmāsa) - caused to flee, put to flight, chased away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of drāvayāmāsa

Perfect tense, Active voice, 3rd person singular (causative)

Periphrastic perfect of the causative stem 'drāvaya' from root dru.

Root: dru (class 1)

पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with arrows (lit. with winged ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patrin

patrin - winged, bird, arrow

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