महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-7

ततस्तान्सहसा दीर्णान्दृष्ट्वा वानरपुंगवान् ।
निर्याय कपिशार्दूलो हनूमान्पर्यवस्थितः ॥७॥

7. tatastānsahasā dīrṇāndṛṣṭvā vānarapuṁgavān ,
niryāya kapiśārdūlo hanūmānparyavasthitaḥ.

7. tataḥ tān sahasā dīrṇān dṛṣṭvā vānara-puṅgavān
niryāya kapi-śārdūlaḥ hanūmān paryavasthitaḥ

7. Then, having seen those chief monkeys (vānarapuṅgavān) suddenly routed, Hanuman (Hanūmān), the tiger among monkeys (kapiśārdūla), emerged and stood firm.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

• दीर्णान् (dīrṇān) - torn, rent, scattered, distressed, routed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• वानर-पुङ्गवान् (vānara-puṅgavān) - chief monkeys, excellent monkeys, foremost of monkeys

• निर्याय (niryāya) - having come out, having emerged, having departed

• कपि-शार्दूलः (kapi-śārdūlaḥ) - tiger among monkeys, chief of monkeys, excellent monkey

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman

• पर्यवस्थितः (paryavasthitaḥ) - stood firm, took up a position, settled down, remained

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of 'sahas' used adverbially.

दीर्णान् (dīrṇān) - torn, rent, scattered, distressed, routed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dīrṇa

dīrṇa - torn, rent, broken, split, scattered, distressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṝ (to tear, split).

Root: dṝ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'vānara-puṅgavān'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वानर-पुङ्गवान् (vānara-puṅgavān) - chief monkeys, excellent monkeys, foremost of monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara-puṅgava

vānara-puṅgava - chief of monkeys, excellent monkey

Compound type : Tatpurusha (vānara+puṅgava)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

निर्याय (niryāya) - having come out, having emerged, having departed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root yā with prefix nis.

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

कपि-शार्दूलः (kapi-śārdūlaḥ) - tiger among monkeys, chief of monkeys, excellent monkey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi-śārdūla

kapi-śārdūla - tiger among monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kapi+śārdūla)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best, excellent, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanuman

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanuman (name of a prominent monkey deity)

पर्यवस्थितः (paryavasthitaḥ) - stood firm, took up a position, settled down, remained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paryavasthita

paryavasthita - standing firmly, established, surrounded, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā with prefixes pari and ava.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used here as a predicate adjective, describing Hanuman's action.