महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-270, verse-29

तथेत्युक्त्वा तु तौ वीरौ रावणं दूषणानुजौ ।
कुम्भकर्णं पुरस्कृत्य तूर्णं निर्ययतुः पुरात् ॥२९॥

29. tathetyuktvā tu tau vīrau rāvaṇaṁ dūṣaṇānujau ,
kumbhakarṇaṁ puraskṛtya tūrṇaṁ niryayatuḥ purāt.

29. tathā iti uktvā tu tau vīrau rāvaṇaṃ dūṣaṇa-anujau
kumbhakarṇaṃ puraskṛtya tūrṇaṃ niryayatuḥ purāt

29. Having said 'So be it' to Rāvaṇa, those two heroic younger brothers of Dūṣaṇa, placing Kumbhakarṇa at their head, quickly departed from the city.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• तौ (tau) - Refers to the two younger brothers of Dūṣaṇa. (those two)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - heroic, brave, heroes

• रावणं (rāvaṇaṁ) - Rāvaṇa

• दूषण-अनुजौ (dūṣaṇa-anujau) - the two younger brothers of Dūṣaṇa

• कुम्भकर्णं (kumbhakarṇaṁ) - Kumbhakarṇa

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having made chief, having honored

• तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

• निर्ययतुः (niryayatuḥ) - they went out, they departed

• पुरात् (purāt) - from the city

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms part of the direct quote.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct quote "tathā".

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root vac, with kta (absolutive suffix) and vocalic change.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - Refers to the two younger brothers of Dūṣaṇa. (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject.

वीरौ (vīrau) - heroic, brave, heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, powerful, valiant

Root: vīr

Note: Appositive to tau.

रावणं (rāvaṇaṁ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, king of Laṅkā)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of uktvā (implied 'to Rāvaṇa').

दूषण-अनुजौ (dūṣaṇa-anujau) - the two younger brothers of Dūṣaṇa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dūṣaṇānuja

dūṣaṇānuja - younger brother of Dūṣaṇa

dūṣaṇa + anu + ja (born after)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dūṣaṇa+anuja)

• dūṣaṇa – Dūṣaṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• anuja – younger brother
  noun (masculine)
  anu + jan (to be born) + ḍa
  Prefix: anu
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject, appositive to tau.

कुम्भकर्णं (kumbhakarṇaṁ) - Kumbhakarṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarṇa (proper name, literally "pot-eared")

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of puraskṛtya.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having made chief, having honored

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

puras (indeclinable) + kṛ (root) + lyap (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Action performed before niryayatuḥ.

तूर्णं (tūrṇaṁ) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

From root tvar (to hasten) + kta (passive participle suffix, used here adverbially)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies niryayatuḥ.

निर्ययतुः (niryayatuḥ) - they went out, they departed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of niryā

Perfect Tense

nis + yā (root) + atuḥ (perfect ending for 3rd dual)

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for the two brothers.

पुरात् (purāt) - from the city

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Root: pṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates origin of departure.